Many people think that a winch is a typical car accessory. This device can be used in everyday life. Like any other tool, you can make a winch yourself.

The general design principle is as follows: with the help of pulleys, sprockets, gears, the gear ratio changes. As a result, the applied force increases many times over, making it possible to move significant weights with the help of a small source of traction.

To understand the process, let’s get acquainted with the types of winches, considering options for self-production:

Mechanical winch

According to the type of drive, it is divided into lever, with a ratchet rotation mechanism, and drum, in which the force from the handle is transmitted through a gear or chain reducer.
The lever winch is convenient due to its compactness.

Another undeniable advantage is that it does not need to be attached to the frame or foundation. It is enough to stretch the cable between the anchor and the load being moved, and you can apply a force from 400 kg to 4 tons. Each stroke of the lever rotates the cable spool to a certain angle, pulling the load. The only drawback is that little cable can be placed in the drum, usually 5-7 meters.

The drum winch requires stationary placement and has larger dimensions. However, this allows the use of a cable of several tens of meters. The force is multiplied by the gear ratio or chain drive. There are separate designs with a worm drive, but the essence of the application does not change.

If you have a grinder and a welding machine, even a novice craftsman can do a homemade manual winch. The entire structure is visible in the photo:

The components can be picked up from the storerooms of your workshop, or made yourself, using an angle grinder and a powerful drill. The traction force of such a design is no more than 1000 kg. In a household, nothing more is required.

In the same way, with some ingenuity, you can make a drum winch. It is enough to select a suitable pair of gears. The drum is made from a water pipe.

A three-dimensional model of the gearbox is shown in the illustration. The rest is a matter of technique and selection of materials.

IMPORTANT! When manufacturing such devices, care and design calculations are required. Fracture of the mechanism under the influence of heavy weight can lead to injury.

There is also the option of a manual winch, but this is a very extreme option. Although, in a difficult situation, such a device can help out.

Homemade crane from a winch - two devices in one

Regardless of whether you have a homemade winch or a factory one, it can be successfully used as a power unit for a crane.

When building or renovating a home, you will definitely encounter heavy lifting to great heights. Of course, you can get by with hoists, or a stationary winch and a block system. But you must admit, a small crane is a completely different level of work.

You can develop a drawing using any CAD program. The main thing is to correctly calculate the load and select the material.

This sample is designed to lift loads of 150-200 kg. This is quite enough for modern cottage construction. It took three full working days to create the mechanism. There is no point in calculating the cost, since most of the parts are literally from a landfill.

Only the cable is new (safety first). We managed to find the hook in the port; the winch for lifting the boom is manual and has been used on the farm for many years.

To lift the working cable, a homemade winch with a factory gearbox and an electric motor from a 2 kW compressor was used. The motor is three-phase, so it was easy to implement a reverse starting system using capacitors.

Video review of industrial hand winches.

The design turned out to be reliable, tests were carried out using a weight of 300 kg. After this, you can safely operate with loads of 100-150 kg without the risk of injury.

IMPORTANT! Particular care should be taken when using such devices as the design has not been subject to certified testing.

An excellent help in the garage is a DIY hand-made drum winch. It will be useful when moving large loads, lifting heavy objects, and even for pulling out a car in an extreme situation. Such a device can be bought at a hardware supermarket or auto store, but a homemade hand winch will be designed taking into account the individual needs of the user.

There are no significant technical difficulties in the design. The operation of this device involves simple physical and mechanical laws. This allows the product to be widely used. The main advantages of most models are the following factors:

• compactness – comfortable dimensions allow for mobility, since you can always take a small winch with you, putting it in the trunk;
• ease of operation - to use the mechanism there is no need to deal with the simple design for a long time;
• mobility - the product can be used not only in the horizontal plane, pulling something up, but also vertically, for lifting it from the ground;
• versatility - models are suitable for solving various problems that may not be related to construction or repair;
• ease of repair and maintenance - stems from a design that includes a minimum of elements and components.

Even those who have little knowledge of similar devices can understand a homemade hand winch.

Variety of models

There are many options for winch designs. They allow you to solve issues using convenient methods. The most popular are three types of devices. They are designed for optimal load and are able to solve most current problems.

Lever view

A hand-made lever winch equipped with a cable, made by yourself, consists of the following elements:

• ratchet mechanism;
• steel rope;
• axis for winding cable;
• powerful metal lever.

Its special feature is the ability to work in a suspended state. This avoids the presence of a powerful base in the frame for fixing the product. The pendulum movements of the lever cause the ratchet to rotate, but the drum does not unwind, since it is blocked by special clamps in the form of cams.

The disadvantage of the design is the relatively short length of the cable, which rarely exceeds 5-6 m. The advantages include the formation of significant traction force. This indicator ranges from 0.8 to 4 tons. The lifting height is limited to 4 meters when working in vertical mode.

Drum view

The design of this product consists of the following parts:

• base support;
• gearbox;
• rotation handle;
• drum;
• rope with hooks.

The built-in gearbox for the winch is selected as a worm or gear type. Toothed ones are often used, as they wear out less. However, the worm gear can withstand much greater loads.

Some sources call this model a cable model, as it is equipped with a long steel rope. The operating principle is as follows:

• the user rotates an L-shaped handle connected to a small gear;
• the force is transmitted to a drum with a large gear;
• the cable is wound around the drum axis.

Thanks to the locking mechanism, it is possible to fix the mechanism in any position. The brake will also apply if the force is suddenly reduced.

The drum type is capable of withstanding a load from 0.3 t to 5 t. With an allowable cable diameter of up to 15 mm and design features, it can be up to 40 m long. This allows not only to ensure the removal of a car from a pit or swamp, but also the lifting of large stone or concrete blocks.

Mounting-traction type

There is no drum in the design of this manual winch. In fact, its parameters are largely similar to its lever counterparts. The body is equipped with fist clamps that create the required force.

The cams are parallel, due to which the force on the steel rope is distributed approximately equally on all sides. This ensures a longer service life for the system. The lever ensures the cams are locked. The winch has a traction lever, the purpose of which is to protect against overload due to a cut pin.

This type of winch can be used in almost any area of ​​business. A more advanced design requires regular lubrication of working units.

The simplest imitation of a winch

The most primitive, but at the same time effective version of the simplest winch consists of an all-metal scrap 1.2-1.4 m long, a pipe 40-50 mm in diameter and a cable of the required length. The crowbar needs to be driven as deep into the ground as possible, since it will become the main axis of rotation in the system.

We put a prepared pipe on top of the axle, which is used as a lever. Thus, an angle close to 90 degrees is formed between the crowbar and the tube. This ratio allows the circuit to be rotated. One end of the cable is attached to the crowbar with a powerful carabiner, the other is fixed to the vehicle's traction loop.

The pipe helps to wind the rope around the crowbar. The longer it is, the less effort the user will have to apply.

How to make a winch with your own hands

To make your own design you will need the following kit:

• a pair of gears with different numbers of teeth;
• shaft in the form of a pipe for the winding axis;
• bushings;
• pen;
• frame from a corner or building profile.

It is more convenient to use real dimensions from a prepared drawing or sketch shown to scale.

The drive gear transmits the main force to the drive shaft. It is advisable to choose one with powerful teeth that provide the ability to transmit significant force. As an axial shaft, you can use a cut-out part of a cardan or other product of similar dimensions.

On the sides they use “cheeks” in the form of flat round pancakes. On one side, the driven gear is coaxially attached to them. Bushings are used to ensure shaft sliding. It is recommended to install them not on plain bearings, but to use rolling bearings, which will increase the endurance and durability of the structure. Also ensure the maintainability of the unit.

When manufacturing the housing, it is necessary to ensure maximum alignment of the holes through which the gears will be installed. Drilling in this case is carried out after completion of welding operations. The gear joint should rotate without jamming or slipping.

Housing assembly

The frame is formed from a channel or corner. You can also use sheet metal 4 mm thick. The step-by-step algorithm includes the following actions:

• We cut a couple of channels to lengths of 40 and 30 cm. The longer one will be on the right with a gear and a rotator.
• We mark for through drilling.
• We make 4 holes for attaching the strip.
• It is necessary to ensure the presence of holes for permanent fastening.
• We put the driven gear on the shaft.
• We fasten the plates with a triangular protrusion with bolts to the gear.
• After landing the gear, we attach the bushings.
• We place the shaft on the channels.

The winch is actually ready. You can install it in any convenient place.

Winches are a very convenient device for lifting loads, which is why they are widely used among car enthusiasts. Since the cost of special equipment is quite high, a do-it-yourself manual winch will be the best option for motorists who prefer the best price-quality ratio. Also, using an individual layout, you can create a unique winch that will combine convenience and high load capacity. Compact homemade devices can be installed on any part of the car, which makes the mechanism a universal assistant for repairs and long-distance trips.

Varieties

There are several classifications of winches. The main purpose of the devices is to lift and move loads, so they are used in many areas. Motorists are faced with the need to lift heavy loads quite often. Lifting large components and assemblies in the garage or towing requires reliable securing of loads. Depending on the installation method, winches are divided into 3 types:

1. Stationary. Installed on walls, ceilings, beams and other structures. Most often used in large car repair shops.
2. Portable. Can be mounted on any suitable surface.
3. Mobile. Installed on platforms on wheels. For a small garage, this type of construction is the most preferable.

A manual winch for a car is the most common among car owners. A manual drive is convenient for lifting loads in a garage, but its design must be carefully thought out.

The mechanism must have a brake system and a ratchet stop.

In the absence of these devices, operation of the winch is unsafe.

Machine-driven units require one or two drums. Such mechanisms are used mainly in elevators, cranes, and drilling rigs. When used in a garage, a drum-driven winch can make carrying and lifting objects much easier.

What do you need to know to make a winch?

When producing winches, it is necessary to take into account the load that will be exerted on the structure. For automobile winches, devices that can withstand loads from 500 kg to 2 tons are most often used. The lever winch is designed to lift loads to a maximum height of up to 4 m. The drum design can withstand from 250 kg to 2 tons and lift objects up to 30-40 m. Lever winches are very convenient to use and are common in use, as they have a reliable locking mechanism. The drum system is convenient to use when removing the machine from a ditch or lifting loads. The locking element operates automatically, so there is minimal danger for people working under the winch.

A manual winch for lifting and lowering a load can be using 2 types of drive:

• multi-speed;
• worm.

The multi-speed version has several pairs of gears, so the force has one of the highest values. One of the main disadvantages is the proportional increase in speed. Two bags will rise up very slowly, but when lifting a load weighing more than 2 tons, the rise will be fast.

When making your own winch, you can calculate the forces that will be exerted on the device and make several pairs of gears removable.

When creating a winch with a worm mechanism, it is necessary to take into account the forces that will be applied to turning the handle. The main disadvantage of this type of equipment is the constant friction exerted on the metal parts of the product. This design very often breaks at the site of the worm pair. You should also not forget about regular lubrication of moving parts. Do not put excessive load on the entire mechanism, as this will lead to premature failure of the equipment.

This design is the simplest and can be used in the field. A more practical type of winch would be portable equipment. The design involves the use of more complex parts that are manufactured independently. To improve operating efficiency, additional video reducer elements can be used.

You can find many drawings of homemade winches online. When choosing a specific drawing, it is necessary to take into account the conditions in which the equipment will be used.

If the winch will be installed on the roof or in the trunk of a car, then it is necessary to calculate the additional load that will constantly be placed on the device. If the winch is planned to be used in cold regions, then special attention must be paid to the quality of the metal.

Low-quality metal can lead to device failure at the most inopportune moment.

To make a winch we will need:

• rectangular pipe for the frame;
• finished shaft, or round pipe;
• steel sheet 3-5 mm thick;
• M10-M12 studs, 20-25 cm long, 6 pieces, nuts;
• hubs for the shaft;
• ready-made gearbox assembly or sprockets of large and small diameter with a chain, or gears;
• welding machine with electrodes;
• spanners;
• metabo with grinding discs.

Motorists note that homemade winches are reliable, practical and durable. For the drum, it is better to use a pipe with a diameter of 20-50 mm with a wall thickness of at least 3 millimeters. Using pipes with other parameters is impractical; then during operation they become deformed and the winch loses its functionality.

Assembly steps

Next you need to make the frame. To do this, we cut out blanks of the required length from a steel pipe with a diameter of about 2 cm, the ends of which are cut at an angle of 45 degrees. We weld the tubes together so that the angle of their connection is exactly 90 degrees. After this, remove the scale and polish the seams.

To create a drum, we need a sheet of steel about 3-5 mm thick, from which we need to cut two disks with a diameter of 30 cm. 7 holes are cut in each disk: one in the center of the disk, six around the circumference of the disk at a distance of about 7 cm. Diameter The hole in the center must correspond to the diameter of the device shaft.

The discs are fastened together using M10 or M12 studs, the ends of which are placed in holes along the diameter of the discs and secured with nuts and locknuts. You can also pre-fit metal tubes of the appropriate diameter onto the studs to increase the strength of the structure. Thus, the drum of our winch is ready. Next, we attach the shaft, which you can make yourself from a metal pipe or take a ready-made one from another mechanism. The ends of the shaft must be equipped with hubs to attach it to the frame.

The next step is to install a sprocket or gear on the drum shaft, depending on the gearbox being installed (chain or gear). Here the designs can be varied, especially with regard to gear transmission. The simplest ones are single-stage cylindrical or conical.

Depending on the gearbox you choose, provide a place to mount it on the frame of the structure, taking into account the location of the handle. Next, we mount the drum with the shaft and the gearbox on the frame, install the chain on the sprockets or gear train.

Don't forget to lubricate the gear teeth.

After this, we fix one end of the cable to the shaft and wind it onto the drum, and attach a carabiner to the other end of the cable. A hook or carabiner is also welded to the frame of the device for mounting on the frame of the car. Thus, a simple drum winch is ready for use.

How can you do without a winch?

If you don't have a winch and the time to make one, there is an easy way to assemble the following design:

1. Take a crowbar, a piece of pipe, a strong cable.
2. The crowbar must be buried deep in the ground. The tool is used as a rotation axis.
3. A tube is used as a lever. Metal pipes are fastened with a crowbar perpendicular to the ground. The axis will rotate, so it is important to securely fasten the elements (for example, by welding).
4. The cable is attached with a carabiner to a crowbar, and the other end to the object that needs to be moved.
5. Next, using a tube, the cable is wound onto the axle.
6. The longer the pipe, the easier it will be to wind.

Advantages and disadvantages of a homemade winch

The main advantage of a homemade winch is its high maintainability. The master knows all the fastening points, and also has the drawing according to which the device was made, so repairing the device will not be difficult. Even if a finished part was broken, then, knowing the design, it can be replaced in just a few minutes.

Another advantage of the device is its low cost. The winch can be made from parts available in the garage, so their cost is not taken into account when developing the project. The individual design will allow you to install the winch on any car and any part of it. A special mount will ensure reliable fixation on a vehicle or in a garage.

The winch is an ancient invention that appeared before man studied the laws of physics. The device operates on the principle of a lever - the operator applies little effort to the handle, and the device moves heavy objects. An irreplaceable thing for car enthusiasts or summer residents, but expensive. Making a handmade homemade winch solves the problem of high price. For little money you can make a design of any complexity.

Purpose of the device

When driving off-road, a driver may encounter an insurmountable obstacle. Then the car will have to be pulled out of the mud or sand with something. A winch is the ideal tool for this. Some vehicles have the device installed on the front bumper from the factory. Purchasing a ready-made winch can cost a lot of money, so it makes sense to make it yourself from improvised means.

A factory or homemade winch with a manual drive (or with an electric drive from a starter) allows you to pull out a car without a tow. Experienced car enthusiasts prefer home-made devices, fully meeting their needs. Factory winches often fail or cost a lot of money.

There are different types of structures. It is impossible to say unequivocally which one is better. Different types are used for different situations and purposes.

Device types

Classification is the first thing you need to know about the traction device. They are divided depending on the type of design, drive and technical features. Some types of winches are easy to do yourself - these are the simplest manual mechanism. And complex structures will work reliably only if they are manufactured in a factory.

This specificity must be taken into account when choosing a type for self-production. There are removable and stationary winches. The first option can be removed from the car, carried out maintenance or used for other economic purposes.

Classification depending on the drive type:

1. Manual. Its advantages are its small size and relatively light weight. The work is carried out according to the drum principle. The cable is pulled onto a separate reel, and it is rotated by hand. The disadvantage lies in the limitation of the mass with which work can be done - no more than 1 ton.
2. Mechanical. The drum with the cable is rotated by the machine's engine. The design is heavy, so car enthusiasts rarely use it.
3. Electric. The best option is for the drum to be driven by an electric motor. The latter is powered by a battery or the vehicle's electrical system. The load capacity in this version is 4 tons.
4. Hydraulic. The design is complex, but it works silently and with great traction force. But such systems are unreliable and expensive. Another drawback is that it is impossible to manufacture a hydraulic drive system yourself.

The manual winch is ideal for DIY. The system has a simple design that can be easily made from available materials. There are no complicated moving parts. You just need to decide on the parameters. If desired, you can install an electric motor on such a device, which will eliminate physical labor.

A simple option made from scrap materials

Some motorists often drive into a field or forest, which may result in problems negotiating difficult areas - mud and sand. The car gets stuck, and you have to puzzle over how to get it out. The simplest hand-made homemade winch can be made in the field.

Materials:

• Scrap and pipe cuttings.
• Cable.
• A piece of pipe for a lever.

It is unlikely that you will have the materials with you on the road. But everything you need can be found in the nearest village. Instead of a cable, a strong rope will do.

Manufacturing procedure:

1. Drive a crowbar or a small diameter tube into the ground to create an axle.
2. A larger diameter tube is placed on the axle, to which a cable is attached.
3. A lever is slipped under the lower turn of the cable. This could be another tube, a shovel handle, or a pole. The main thing is that the material is durable.

With such a device, which can be assembled in ten minutes, you can move any heavy object, not just a car. The lever is rotated so that the cable is wound around the pipe. Such a manual winch will help to quickly solve the problems of moving heavy loads. This is not a full-fledged device, but it will get the job done.

Manufacturing a system with a universal drive

The manual system is easy to manufacture. Of the special skills the master is required to do, only own a welding machine. Any metal will do the job. The appearance of the device is not so important, the main thing is performance and resistance to heavy loads. The frame should not be deformed.

Materials and tools:

Some materials are better purchased - for example, tubes for the studs and shaft. The rest can be picked up from old mechanisms - cars or motorcycles. Any metal will do, even used.

Manufacturing procedure:

The winch is created in a day. Since it will be installed on an SUV, the operating conditions will be appropriate. To prevent dirt and sediment from getting on the drum, it is covered with a casing. This way the mechanism will last longer and the cable will not wear out.

The design is simple, reliable, it easy to do yourself. Yes, it does not have the ability to change the gear ratio, there is no reverse and other additional functions. A self-made electric winch is capable of dragging a heavy load across the terrain, be it a car or something else.

​Design development is carried out carefully, as well as assembly. The task is to treat each operation as responsibly as possible. The goal is to complete the assembly with high quality. This will avoid troubles when operating in extreme conditions. Therefore, there is no need to force the work, even if it is really necessary.

Steps to achieve high build quality:

Negative results often arise due to hasty actions. The issue of moving cargo in a horizontal plane with its own device will be successfully resolved. To lift loads above the ground, the cable must be pulled over a strong support.

A homemade winch is a good and economical solution. A manual winch is installed quite simply with your own hands, which allows you to save money on its purchase. Any jeeper or SUV owner who often has to drive off-road will always install a winch. Despite the fact that there is currently a large selection of winches on the car market, homemade winches are actively created by various car owners for their own needs. This is due to the fact that the price of factory-made devices is by no means affordable (despite great competition between manufacturing companies).

Description and types

Winches are mechanisms that transmit the traction forces of a rope (chain or cable) from a drive drum.

Winch drives are usually made either manually or connected to an internal combustion engine (internal combustion engine), however, other options can be used for cars. Automobile winches are used to move loads (vehicles) along a horizontal plane.

The operating principles of homemade devices are no different from the operating principles of branded ones. Such traction devices are distinguished by drive types into:

1. Electric drive. To implement it, an electric motor is required. Most often, a car starter is used for these purposes, which is converted to operate in engine mode; it is also possible to use generators from different types of cars and tractors. The electric motor used must have high torque and high power. It is almost impossible to find a high-power engine that consumes little energy, so your car battery can quickly run out. To avoid problems with it, it is recommended to have a spare one.
2. The most structurally complex winches are hydraulically driven. To implement it, you need to acquire a number of devices: an oil pump, an oil tank and an electric motor to drive the pump. The hydraulic drive has the highest power, efficiency and efficiency. The low-power pump motor uses much less energy than the high-power main drive motor, so it won't be a drain on the battery.
3. Manual. The main draft force is human muscular strength. In order not to require great physical effort, it is necessary to implement several transmission links (pulley hoist). In addition, to reduce the effort, rather long levers are used.
4. Winches with internal combustion engine drive. Usually their power is small, and it is impossible to pull the car out of the hole with them, but they have a fairly high traction torque, which makes it possible to reduce the physical effort required to push the car out of the obstacle. The main disadvantage of such a drive is the almost complete absence of remote control - you need to go to the winch and turn it on or off manually. Therefore, sometimes such devices are mounted in the rear of the car, as an auxiliary mechanism.

The next criterion for dividing such devices into types is the type of traction material used. According to this criterion, they are divided into rope and chain. Chain winches include winches that use only chains. Rope devices are devices that can use metal cables, hemp ropes (although this is an anachronism!) and other similar materials. Devices that use metal cables have gained great popularity. Such cables are very strong, can withstand heavy loads, rarely break (but this does not mean that they never break) and have a small diameter. The small diameter allows more cable to be wound onto the drum than chain. The increased strength of the cable is ensured by its design: many small wires woven together evenly distribute the load among themselves, and their weaving makes it possible to reduce the amount of applied load. At the same time, the load is not evenly distributed in the chain, which often leads to its rupture.

Regardless of the type of winch chosen, the basic elements for creating it are the same for all types. They are a drum, a base (what the drum is mounted on and the structure is attached to the car), and a gearbox. If you plan to manufacture a winch with an electric drive or an internal combustion engine, then you should acquire the appropriate engine. To hydraulically drive the device, you should purchase an oil pump with an electric motor and an oil container.

It is not easy to make such a winch yourself, so it is strongly recommended to contact a hydraulic specialist. Hand winches require a transmission device and a strong, long lever.

Drums are usually made of pipes, to which limiters (cheeks) are welded at the ends, which have a larger diameter than the pipe. If you plan to use an electric drive device, it is recommended to purchase a motor or starter that includes a gearbox.

Before starting the installation of any draft mechanism, it is necessary to draw a detailed design drawing, which should take into account all the necessary parts, fasteners and specific design features. It is important to pay attention to the alignment of the drum, gearbox and motor. It is also important to provide power to the device: you should not lay the wires from the battery directly or as you please, they must be protected from mechanical damage and water. To make the device operate safely, it is strongly recommended to install a remote control system with a remote control, which should ensure stable operation at a distance of at least 5 meters.

When all the materials have been prepared, you can begin manufacturing the draft device.