Bimetallic radiator

Device

Each type of radiator has its own advantages. A cast iron radiator is durable, retains heat for a long time, but does not have a very attractive appearance. Aluminum looks aesthetically pleasing, has a high level of heat transfer, but is short-lived. The steel battery is durable, but retains heat no worse than previous models and requires additional decor if used in a residential area.

Among different types of batteries, bimetallic radiators have incomparable advantages. They are made of steel and aluminum. From steel they received strength and reliability, from aluminum - an attractive appearance. Due to the harmonious combination of the qualities of both metals, a bimetallic battery can retain heat for a long time.

Design Features

Water contains a large number of impurities. When in contact with aluminum, they cause corrosion. Over several years of use, these processes will lead to leakage of the device.

The design feature of these radiators is the presence of an internal stainless steel core, which is surrounded on the outside by an aluminum alloy. This way, water does not come into contact with aluminum, which significantly extends the service life of the system.

There are two manufacturing options:

1. Pseudobimetal. In this case, the steel core is located only inside the vertical channels. So aluminum is not completely protected, but only in the weakest places. These models are cheaper and have a standard service life of up to 10 years if used in systems with high water pressure (for example, in city apartments).
2. Bimetal. It has a solid inner casing made of steel, which is filled with aluminum alloy under pressure. Here the aluminum is protected on all sides. These are more expensive models and their service life under similar operating conditions is up to 30 years.

Design of a bimetallic battery The manufacturing method directly affects the volume of water in the section of the bimetallic radiator. If we compare it with any other battery, the volume of one section here will be significantly lower. The disadvantage is compensated by the presence of two alloys. As a result, the inner steel core prevents the aluminum shell from cooling quickly.

There are different ways to join two metals. It is preferable if aluminum is poured over steel under pressure. This battery model will last longer. There is an option when metals are joined together by welding.

According to the technical type of design, radiators can be:

• Collapsible. This means that using a radiator wrench you can unscrew any number of sections and screw them to another radiator. This type is most often installed in private houses with an autonomous heating system, where there is no high water pressure.
• Non-separable. The radiator is monolithic, it cannot be untwisted, cut, or attached to another. Perfect for use in a city apartment, where there is always a high level of pressure.

Dimensions

The size of the sections of a bimetallic radiator is determined by the distance from the middle of the inlet to the middle of the outlet. Today batteries are manufactured with the distance between the specified holes:

• 200 mm;
• 350 mm;
• 500 mm.

Dimensions of bimetallic heating batteries

Before choosing the required dimensions of the heating radiators, you should remember that from the floor to the bottom of the radiator there should be at least 12 cm, and from its top to the protruding part of the window sill - at least 10 cm. Otherwise, there will not be sufficient air circulation, which will reduce the heat transfer efficiency of the device.

The section width ranges from 80 to 90 mm. Thickness – from 80 to 120 mm. Height, width and thickness affect the energy output of the battery.

Section capacity

The specific design of radiators determines their rather low capacity. This is both good and bad.

A small container does not require a large amount of coolant (hot water), which means it saves water and fuel to heat it. But the less coolant, the faster the radiator cools. Here, rapid cooling does not occur, since between the water and the aluminum surface there is also a steel shell that does not cool down for a long time.

Joining two metals

A small container contributes to rapid contamination and clogging of channels when using low-quality water. To solve this problem, a cleaning system is installed in a private house. The minimum requirement is to install two filters: fine and coarse.

The volume of one section depends on its size:

• with a distance between the inlet and outlet openings of 500 mm, the section capacity will be 0.2–0.3 liters;
• at a distance of 350 mm, the capacity will be 0.15–0.2 liters;
• a distance of 200 mm guarantees a volume of 0.1–0.16 liters.

Calculation of the number of sections

The volume and number of sections determines the thermal power of one radiator. Before making a purchase, it is important to calculate this power in order to find the number of sections required for the room. To do this, use any of two formulas:

1. General. When sections are calculated based on the area of ​​the room. On average, at least 1 kW of energy is required per 10 m2. The formula used for calculation is N = S × 100/Q. Where N is the number of sections for the room, S is the area of ​​the room in square meters, Q is the energy power of the section. The energy power is indicated by the manufacturer on the packaging or on accompanying documents.

Let's try to calculate the number of sections for a room of 25 m2, with the energy power of the section being 180 W. It turns out: 25 × 100/180 = 13.88. After rounding, we get 14 sections (rounding must be done up). With a width of 8 centimeters, the total width of the radiator will be 112 centimeters. In this case, you can install 2 radiators each with 7 sections.

2. Detailed. This formula takes into account the volume of the room in cubic meters (m3). On average, 1 cubic meter of space requires 41 W of energy. Next, use the formula N = S × 41/Q, where N is the number of sections for the room, V is the volume of the room in cubic meters, Q is the energy power of the section.

Radiator sizes

Let's calculate the number of sections for heating a room with the following parameters: length 5 meters, width 3 meters, ceiling height 2.5 meters. First you need to find the area of ​​the room. We multiply the length by the width and get 15 m2. We multiply the resulting figure by the height of the ceilings - we get 37.5 m 3. Let’s take 180 W for the power of one section, then 37.5 × 41/180 = 8.54. Round up and get 9 sections.

When the apartment is located on the first or last floor, in a corner apartment, in a room with large windows or in a house with a wall thickness of no more than 25 centimeters, it is necessary to add 10% to the resulting parameter.

Let's summarize. To make the right choice, you must pay attention to all of the following characteristics:

• Design. For a city apartment, a monolithic, fully bimetallic battery is suitable, which can withstand pressure up to 15 atmospheres or more (usually in apartments a pressure of around 12 atmospheres is used, while in a private house it is recommended to set the pressure to just one atmosphere). Cheaper models are suitable for autonomous heating systems, since they do not have high pressure.
• Size. If the distance between the floor and the window sill is at least 80 centimeters, you should choose the highest model. Otherwise, you will have to take a smaller radiator, so that it is at least 12 cm to the floor, and at least 10 cm to the window sill.
• Capacity. One of the main properties is rather narrow passages. If possible, ensure good quality water supplied to the heating system.
• Calculation of sections. Before purchasing, read the model description to clarify the energy capacity. It is better to calculate the number of sections using the second (detailed) formula, where the required amount of heat is determined based on the volume of the room. Do not forget to add 10% in case of significant heat loss due to external factors.

The heat source of any heating system is batteries. The efficiency of heating the room depends on their quality. To increase this indicator, it is necessary to select the correct sizes of heating radiators. Some models, even with small dimensions, are able to provide good heat transfer, others - on the contrary. Before choosing heating devices, it is recommended to familiarize yourself with the advantages of each material.

• Show all

  Common types

  The most common and oldest models are cast iron. Today they are used less frequently, but there are a sufficient number of buildings that are heated with the help of such batteries. Previously, the size of heating radiators made of cast iron was impressive, they looked unaesthetic.

  Today, manufacturers have improved them, and it is also possible to hide the device under a special screen, the design of which is selected to the taste of the homeowner. The advantages of such radiators are unpretentiousness to the chemical composition of the coolant, resistance to corrosion and high temperatures, durability, ease of operation, and no need for constant maintenance.

  But batteries also have disadvantages. The most important of them is considered to be instability to sudden temperature changes, therefore, in the event of system failures in centralized heating, cracks and coolant leaks may appear. Installation is problematic because the structure is heavy.

  Transportation of such radiators is also difficult, since careless handling results in defects that make the device unsuitable for use. A significant disadvantage is the inability to properly paint older models, as well as the need to regularly renew the coating. Despite the shortcomings, the devices are used in apartments and private houses, as they are considered reliable and durable.

  Aluminum heating radiator, how to add, twist sections, extend and unscrew the battery

  

  Aluminum models

  Aluminum radiators have become quite popular in the last few years. They have advantages that make the models the most preferable option for installation in a private home:

  

  But there are also some disadvantages. The most important is the impossibility of installing such batteries in apartments, since the devices have a low operating pressure. If central heating is interrupted, local leaks may occur due to structural damage.

  Aluminum is a brittle metal that is easily damaged during transportation or installation. Its peculiarity is the ability to interact with the chemical components of water in the system. As a result, corrosion areas form on the inner surface, which gradually lead to the complete destruction of the metal. The service life of such models is slightly lower than that of their cast iron counterparts, and ranges from 5 to 15 years. Some manufacturers have been able to extend this period to 20 years.

  

  Bimetallic and steel

  Steel and bimetallic models are considered the most modern and reliable, their service life reaches 25-30 years. The first is a stainless steel structure, which is made in different shapes.

  The most affordable option would be a steel panel battery, made in a modern style and having a small size and attractive design. Tubular models are durable and are made in the form of small diameter tubes connected to each other. Their number depends on the area of ​​the room.

  Sectional models are also very reliable and durable. They are a structure of several sections connected to each other by spot welding. This method allows you to extend the life of the radiator and eliminate the possibility of leakage.

  Bimetallic radiators are also available in several versions and are distinguished by their reliability and long service life. The outer frame of the battery is made of a special alloy of aluminum and silicon called silumin. Inside each section there is a steel pipe that prevents contact of silumin with water. This reduces the likelihood of corrosion areas forming.

  There are also options for bimetallic batteries that have only a steel core, and contact of the aluminum alloy with water is not excluded here. They are not recommended for installation in apartment buildings.

  Bimetallic and steel radiators are suitable for installation in a private house and apartment with a centralized heating system. The devices can withstand operating pressure differences and high coolant temperatures and are not subject to corrosion. A significant advantage is the unpretentiousness to the chemical composition of the coolant.

  The disadvantage of the models is their high cost, which differs from the prices of aluminum analogues. It is also worth considering that these heating devices must be installed and connected to the system carefully, following all instructions.

  How to choose a bimetallic radiator?

  

  Radiator dimensions

  Bimetallic and other models have standard and non-standard sizes depending on the purpose, intended operating mode and specific preferences of each person.

  Standard figures taking into account the type of radiator:

  

  The thickness of the heating radiator depends on the material from which it is made. Cast iron models are the leaders by this criterion. Aluminum batteries are considered the thinnest.

  Heating radiators - which ones are better?

  Calculation depending on area

  Warming up a private house or apartment during the heating season largely depends on the correct calculation of the number of sections on the radiator in each room. If we are talking about an apartment building, then the plan is drawn up by specialists based on the square footage of the premises and existing standards.

  However, in a private house, the owner must perform these actions independently or contact people who perform such work. There are several calculation methods:

  

  When making calculations, it is worth considering that almost all manufacturers, when drawing up a technical data sheet for a radiator, always exaggerate the maximum heat transfer rate of each section. Therefore, it is better to take the minimum value.

  The most accurate calculation can be made by specialists who use other formulas. They take into account the location of the building, the glazing factor, the number of external walls, and the average air temperature in the cold season. This is the indicator that is considered correct.

  Types of heating radiators. Modern types of heating radiators

  Selection and installation rules

  In order for the radiator to match the interior, you need to make the right choice. The width of the device should not be less than the window sill, provided that the unit is located under the window. From the floor to the battery there must be at least 60 mm, from the window sill to the upper border - at least 100 mm.

  You should not mount the structure very close to the walls, especially if they are covered with wallpaper. If the home owner plans to cover the radiators with protective screens, it is necessary to recalculate the power taking into account this criterion. In a private house, you are allowed to install radiators yourself if the person has the appropriate skills. In an apartment, it is better to entrust the work to specialists.

  It is strongly not recommended to choose aluminum radiators for an apartment. As a rule, utility companies do not give permission for such changes. You should also not install radiators that have a thermal power greater than is necessary for each room.

  The dimensions of radiators are an important parameter of heating devices, which allows you not only to select a model suitable for the interior, but also to calculate the number of sections required for effective heating of the room.

In order for the heating system to be calculated as accurately as possible, you will need to rely on the total area of ​​the house. Correct calculation of the heating system involves choosing the right size of heating devices, device power, quantity, and so on. After this, it will be possible to calculate how efficient the heating system will be. In order for heating to be more efficient, you will need to cover the surface of the radiators that gives off heat. This can be done through a grille or casing. Typically, heating radiators are mounted near a window in a specially designated opening for them. Therefore, the radiator must be of such a size that its height does not reach the window sill, and its width does not exceed the width of the window.

Calculation of the number of heating radiators

When calculating, you need to pay attention to the following factors:

• The area of ​​the room that needs to be heated. To make such a calculation more accurate, it is necessary to determine the volume of the room in cubic meters.
• The area of ​​the radiator surface that transfers heat into the room.
• Temperature conditions of a 200 mm heating radiator.

If determining the exact calculation is not so important, then you can use the older method. Initially, we determine the area of ​​the house or apartment. If 200 mm heating radiators are of a type such as sectional, then the dimensions of one section will be sufficient to heat 2 square meters. meters of area. We count the quantity and add to the result that we got about 10%. This figure compensates for the heat that will escape through windows or doors.

Selecting the size of heating radiators

The dimensions of such a heating element are set based on the thermal power that they emit. If heating radiators are mounted in an opening under a window, then you will need to calculate the following dimensions:

• The distance from the window sill to the top of the radiator should be no more than 100 cm.
• The distance from the floor to the bottom edge of the heating radiator must be at least 60 cm.
• The width of the radiators must be chosen so that it overlaps the width of the window by approximately 60-70%.

There are several rules:

• If narrower small radiators are installed under the window, they may not create a thermal curtain. This will cause small radiators to be unable to prevent cold air from entering through the radiator blocks.
• If such figures as the thermal power of the heating radiator and its height are known, then you can choose a specific model of the heating element with a certain number of sections.
• If the model you need is not on sale, then you can choose 200mm heating radiators, which will have more power. The main thing is not to lower this figure.
• If there is no place in the house or apartment where you can install heating radiators with a height of 250 mm, or you need to heat a fairly large volume of air, then you will need to purchase tall heating radiators. Most often, such heating radiators are installed indoors or in large gyms.

There are two types of high heating radiators:

• Type RD – characterized by bottom connection;
• Type R – characterized by lateral connection.

Radiators with a large heating radiator height are characterized by high convection and high heat output. This type of radiator can reach a height of 760, 940 and 1120 mm, and a width from 400 to 1400 mm. In depth, all tall radiators have the standard dimensions of radiators - 90 mm.

Low batteries are heating radiators 300 mm-450 mm. As a rule, low models are placed under window sills when the window occupies almost the entire wall space. Such low heating radiators will, of course, be inferior in efficiency to larger models, so if you use such radiators, you will have to increase their number. It is worth noting that low radiators heat rooms more evenly. Indeed, in this case, long heating radiators will create a more effective thermal curtain, and as a result, warm air will be distributed throughout the room, leaving no cold spots.

But it is still worth noting that tall and narrow heating radiators are more common. Such heating radiators with a height of 2000 mm can be installed wherever the dimensions of the room allow it. However, such radiators, unlike those such as long radiators, will not distribute heat in such an efficient way.

That is why, if you place 350 high-type heating radiators ill-considered, a situation will arise where it will be incredibly hot near the radiator, and cold in other parts of the room.

Optimal installation schemes for heating components

If you need to reduce the costs of operations such as installation of 350 mm heating radiators and their further connection, then you can opt for a single-pipe type wiring system. Such a system, however, requires the presence of a bypass line.

Valves will be installed at the highest points through which air will be released. Such a valve will operate automatically, they will release air, and the air inlet will be blocked by water pressure.

The shut-off valve will create a barrier in the path of the coolant, and will also increase heat transfer.

Such a valve will also be required during various dismantling works. In the case of a single-pipe distribution system, such a valve is best connected diagonally. In this case, the coolant will flow in the upper left corner and be discharged in the lower right.

The reverse option can also be used. The most important nuance that must be observed is not to connect heating radiators 150 mm high on the same side. In this case, you can lose up to 10% of heat transfer. If small or mini heating radiators are installed, it is best to make a bottom connection.

Dimensions radiators determine amount of coolant which they are able to accommodate.

This determines the power of heating batteries.

Standard sizes of heating batteries

IN GOST 26645-85 Tolerances are described at nominal intervals.

The radiator has three linear dimensions responsible for the volume of the section.

Width: thin or thick

This is the distance between the outer walls of the battery. Quite a variable indicator.

The depth is usually 75—140 mm, depending on the material and manufacturer.

In rare cases, larger items are found.

Length

Visually - length. This is the space from the left to the right side wall. The indicator is taken equal to 80 mm when creating order 95% of devices. In other cases a little more, maximum - 88 mm. Any other radiators are made to order. This does not apply to cast iron devices: they are wider.

Minimum height

The most variable value, which represents the vertical component of the section.

Usually it is 380—420 or 540—580 mm.

There are special types of batteries, the length of which is in the range from two to three meters.

Similar devices are placed in bathrooms.

Important! Axial distance is often mentioned. This is the gap between the connection points of the supply and return pipes. Standard sizes - 350 and 500 mm. But there are also other options, especially among aluminum products.

How to choose the correct size of radiator sections

Determining the dimensions of sections and their number - the most important step in creating a classic heating system.

With standard arrangement

The power they can develop depends on the size of the batteries and the material.

The length is almost always the same and is 80 mm. First determine the height. To do this, choose the installation location, which determines the available space.

And design also plays a big role. Using these parameters, the vertical component is determined. Usually decide between 350 and 500 millimeters.

Depending on the characteristics of the room, you can purchase devices from 200 mm. If a radiator is purchased for a bathroom or bathroom, we recommend a narrow model that can completely cover the space between the floor and ceiling. High-altitude devices have different variations from one and a half to three meters.

Having determined two linear characteristics and material, proceed to calculations of the depth and number of sections. The number of the latter is usually taken equal to 10 , but there are others too. The thickness is found from the volume. The cubic value is divided into length and height. The determination of power is also closely related to these indicators: knowing the required power, you can find the number of sections.

With original interior

To create a design, manufacturers often donate technical characteristics.

First of all this applies to cast iron products. Domestic radiators look serious, but are simply covered paint.

European ones are more elegant, but weaker in heating. In any case, you need to find out from the documentation about the power that they are capable of developing, since you need to select devices based on heat transfer.

Reference! There are batteries in “retro” style. They have a pleasant appearance, but are expensive.

Aluminum They have the same shape, with the exception of custom-made ones, but they differ in a variety of colors. In addition, a wide range of dimensions helps them fit into almost any area of ​​the room.

Bimetallic Radiators, unlike their analogues, are made not only straight, but also curved. This makes them look good in rooms with smooth angles.

Regardless of the material chosen, before purchasing you should read the technical documentation and find out the dimensions of the internal parts of the sections containing the coolant.

This will help you decide on the batteries not only by their external appearance, but also by their ability to heat.

Should remember the possibility of combinations. So, if a certain device suits the design, but its power is not enough, you can install additional heating by hiding it behind the side panel. Or combine radiator heating with warm floors.

A good option for guest rooms will become fireplace installation. Although the latter more often serves a decorative role, it is also capable of reducing the number or size of sections installed in the room. Sometimes it's better to sacrifice beauty than to freeze every winter.

If there is a desire create a special design, please contact the battery manufacturers. They will help you do the calculations. Thanks to this, the finished product will look beautiful and perform its direct function.

You might also be interested in:

What sizes are there?

Radiators are available in the following sizes.

Cast iron

According to the specification, standard dimensions:

• Width - 93 or 108 mm.
• Depth from 85 to 140 in steps of 5.
• Height - 588.

Sections made to order can have almost any size.

Knowing the length, the dimensions of the assembled device are determined, since a paronite gasket is placed between the parts 1 cm thick.

If installation is carried out at a point with insufficient space, add the size of the flushing tap.

Important! The distance between the axles is usually 500 mm. Small batteries with the size 350 are rare.

Each section is capable of issuing from 160 W, if the average daily temperature of air and coolant differs at 70 degrees. Cast iron withstands working pressure up to 9 atm.

Aluminum

Different models have similar internal dimensions. Width is t 80 or 88 mm. Depth varies in the range 10-90 mm. Height is 50 or 35 cm. Bathroom models reach three meters long.

Photo 1. Aluminum radiator model Indigo 500/100 with side connections, section power 196 W, manufacturer - “Royal-Thermo”, Russia.

When designing a heating system in a city apartment or private house, three main parameters are important to the owner: the size of the heating radiators, the heat transfer of one section and the maximum operating pressure for which they are designed. We study the spread of these parameters among products on the modern market.

The photo shows only three standard sizes of heating devices. However, in stores you can see a much wider selection.

Standard height

Let's start with the most common batteries with a center distance of 500 millimeters along the connections. These are exactly what each of us probably saw in the apartment where he spent his childhood.

Cast iron

The most typical representative is the cast iron radiator MS-140-500-0.9. Let's take a look at its specifications.

• Section length - 93 millimeters, depth - 140, height - 588. It is not difficult to calculate the dimensions of a multi-section radiator; with a length of 7-10 sections, it is worth adding about a centimeter to the thickness of the paronite gaskets.

Attention: when installing the radiator in a niche, do not forget about the length of the flush valve. Any cast iron heating radiators with side connections need to be flushed.

• The heat flow provided by one section at a temperature delta between the coolant and the surrounding air of 70C is 160 watts.
• The maximum operating pressure in megapascals is indicated in the product name - 0.9 MPa, which corresponds to 9 atmospheres.

Good quality products with good heat dissipation. However, they cannot be called a masterpiece of design.

Aluminum

Here, with the same interaxial distance of the connections, we observe a significant spread of parameters, so we will indicate the most typical ones.

• Typical dimensions of aluminum heating radiators: length 80 millimeters, depth 80-100 mm, height 575-585 millimeters.
• The heat transfer of a section depends on the fin area and the depth of the section. Usually it lies in the range of 180 - 200 watts per section.
• For most models, the operating pressure is 16 atmospheres. In this case, radiators are tested with a value one and a half times higher - 24 kgf/cm2.

It’s curious: the volume of coolant in one section of an aluminum radiator is 3-5 times less compared to a cast iron one. This is achieved due to the greater thermal conductivity of aluminum and the larger fin area. The obvious result is a high speed of water movement and an almost complete absence of siltation.

Read also about the features of installing aluminum heating radiators.

Bimetallic

The steel core has little effect on the appearance and size of the heating radiator, but the maximum operating pressure increases sharply.

Alas, as strength increases, so does the price: a bimetallic section will cost the buyer 400-700 rubles.

• Typical section dimensions: length - 80-82 mm, depth - 75 - 100, height - 550 - 580.
• Heat transfer is slightly reduced due to the lower thermal conductivity of steel. In general, bimetallic sections are inferior to aluminum ones by only 10-20 watts per section, which are compensated by the larger fin area. Average heat flow values ​​are 160-200 watts.
• But thanks to the steel inside, the working pressure is much higher: for most members of the family it reaches 25-35 atmospheres when tested at 30-50. The Monolith radiator from the Russian company Rifar is capable of constantly operating at 100 kgf/cm2, but is tested at 150.

The record holder for strength comes with a 25-year warranty.

Important: when installing a heating system with your own hands, the main instructions are to use pipes that are as strong as the radiator. Otherwise, the use of especially durable heating devices is meaningless: having removed one weak link from the circuit, we replace it with another. Bimetallic radiators are supplied only with steel connections.

Low

Radiators with small center distances have two nice features:

1. They can be placed under a low window sill.
2. They have the maximum heat transfer per unit surface area. The higher the radiator, the warmer the air is in contact with its upper part and the less heat flow from the surface of this part of the fin.

What options can we find here?

Read also about the characteristics of copper heating radiators.

Cast iron

Let's turn again to MS radiators made in Belarus.

• The MS-140M-300-0.9 radiator has a section length of the same 93 millimeters with a height of 388 mm and a depth of 140.
• The heat flow, of course, decreased with the change in dimensions and is now equal to 106 watts per section.
• The working pressure has not changed: the same 9 kgf/cm2.

However: among imported products you can find cast iron radiators with center distances along the connections of both 200 and 350 millimeters.

Designer products can even have arbitrary sizes.

Aluminum

The spread of center distances between domestic and imported low radiators is more than large. Sizes available are 150, 200, 250, 300, 350 and 400 millimeters.

What does this mean in terms of the characteristics we are interested in?

• The section length starts from 40 millimeters, which makes the battery unusually compact. Height - from 200, while depth in many models compensates for the lack of the other two sizes and reaches 180 mm.
• Thermal power varies from a ridiculous 50 to a quite respectable 160 watts per section. The defining moment is the area of ​​the section fins.
• The change in dimensions had little effect on the working pressure: most of the radiators are designed for the same 16 atmospheres with tests at 24.

Bimetallic

How will the size of heating radiators change if a steel core is placed inside the aluminum fins? But nothing. We can see absolutely all standard sizes characteristic of aluminum structures among bimetallic heating devices.

Thermal power also remains within the same limits: you can find low radiators with heat output of both 80 and 140 watts per section.

The working pressure, of course, remains high: after all, the material is different. The same 25-35 atmospheres are typical.

There are two interesting nuances:

1. Among bimetallic ones, you can find radiators not with solid steel cores, but with steel tubes inserted between aluminum collectors. In this case, the manufacturer, as a rule, is careful with the declared parameters, and for a bimetallic radiator you can see the declared 16 and even 12 atmospheres.
2. Low radiators made of aluminum and bimetal often do not have vertical channels and, when connected to the side, are heated by the collectors only due to the thermal conductivity of aluminum. Circulation is ensured by the last section: it is made flow-through.

Characteristics of domestic standard and low radiators.

High

Radiators of great height are installed in cases where the need for thermal power is high, but the layout of the room does not allow to occupy a large length of the wall. Accordingly, with a large height, these products have a limited width.

Cast iron

If domestic cast iron radiators mostly remain purely utilitarian products and are made of standard dimensions, then among imported products there are very stylish products of unusual height for cast iron.

As an example, take a look at the Demrad Retro line:

• With a standard width of 76 millimeters, the section height varies from 661 to 954 mm. The depth in all cases is 203 mm.
• The operating pressure is 10 atmospheres, but radiators are tested at 13.
• The thermal power of the largest sections reaches 270 watts.
• The size of the heating radiator can reach 2400 millimeters in height.
• Working pressure is often limited to 6 atmospheres, but it is easy to find more durable products.
• Thanks to the high altitude, solid heat transfer is achieved: at a temperature delta of 70C it can reach 433 watts (Oscar 2000 from Global) and even more.

Aluminum

Often the supply for high radiators is connected from below. The goal is to hide the pipes.

Bimetallic

A significant part of tall bimetallic radiators are designer designs, for which there is no need to talk about standard sizes or any kind of unification. In addition, often these are not sectional, but monolithic products.

As an example, however, we will take a serial representative of the family - the Sira RS-800 BIMETALL radiator.

• Section dimensions: height 880 mm, length 80 and depth 95 mm.
• Heat dissipation - 280 watts per section.
• The operating pressure is SUDDENLY 4 kgf/cm2 when tested at 6. The radiator is clearly not intended for central heating and is equipped with cores only in vertical channels.

Conclusion

Let's hope that you will be able to choose exactly the products that suit you in all respects. In the video at the end of the article you will find additional information on the topics that interest you. Warm winters!

Read also about the features of replacing heating radiators in an apartment.

otoplenie-gid.ru

Dimensions of bimetallic heating radiators in height, depth and center-to-center distance

Owners of apartments in buildings with a centralized type of heating have been waiting for a long time for manufacturers to create batteries that can withstand all its disadvantages: high pressure, low-quality coolant and powerful water hammer that can destroy weak aluminum or steel radiators.

The combination of these two metals made it possible to produce bimetallic radiators that are completely unique in their technical characteristics.

Features of bimetallic devices

When a steel coil was placed inside the aluminum body, securing the entire structure tightly by welding, several problems were solved at once:

Consumers who have already tested bimetallic structures in their apartments say that their only drawback is their high cost. But, as a rule, quality, safety, beauty and economy are exactly those properties for which you don’t mind paying any money.

Types of aluminum-steel radiators

Manufacturers, following the lead of consumers, are trying to reduce the cost of production of bimetallic structures without changing their design as a whole. Now you can find several types of batteries of this type on the market:

If you plan to install radiators in a room with an autonomous heating system, then there is no point in investing a lot of money in expensive models. In this case, it is enough to calculate the power and determine the optimal dimensions of bimetallic heating radiators (10 sections is the standard type, although you can choose another type of device).

Types of radiators

Unlike the Soviet era, when batteries had the same standard “accordion” appearance, today there are different types of radiators, and bimetallic ones are no exception in this regard.

Monolithic models are a solid section consisting of steel pipes that cannot be disassembled. Such a structure cannot be changed in size, increased or reduced in the number of sections. If the power required for the room is calculated correctly, then a better and more reliable “friend” for a system with strong pressure drops cannot be found. Cast bimetallic radiators can withstand pressure of up to 100 atmospheres and are the most expensive on the market.

Collapsible or, as they are also called, sectional models, allow you to independently determine what size sections of a bimetallic heating radiator are needed for each specific room.

In order for the apartment to be truly warm, you should determine in advance how much power the radiator should have, taking into account all heat losses. Its capacity depends on the size of the device, and the smaller it is, the more economical it works.

Standard battery dimensions

The dimensions of bimetallic radiators are exactly the same as other types of heaters. They are determined by the center distance between the lower and upper horizontal collectors. These parameters should not be considered the size of the entire structure. To calculate the height of a bimetallic radiator, add 80 to the center-to-center indicator indicated on the product. There are three center-to-center distances - 200, 350 and 500 mm, but these are not the only parameters of these devices.

• the length of the standard section is 80 mm;
• depth – from 75 to 100 mm;
• height – 550-580 mm.

To calculate what height, for example, standard bimetallic radiators are 500 mm, you need to add 80 to this indicator, and the resulting 580 mm is its true size, which should be taken into account when determining the place where it will stand.

In addition to standard models, there are so-called designer versions of bimetallic radiators.

Tall structures

When the interior of an apartment or office requires a special approach to arrangement, then the heaters must fit harmoniously into it. So, if the room has panoramic windows, then you can install bimetallic radiators, the height dimensions of which are 880 mm or more, with a section length of 80 mm and a depth of 95 mm.

As a rule, these are cast reliable devices that can be mounted on walls. They can not only heat the room, but also decorate it, as they are available in a fairly rich range of colors. As a last resort, you can order the manufacturer a model of the required shade or with a specific pattern.

Low batteries

Another design solution is low bimetallic heating radiators. They can be installed under large windows, where standard models do not fit in height. Bimetallic radiators with a minimum center distance of 200 mm are characterized by the same strength, reliability, ability to withstand high pressure and level of heat transfer as standard models.

This is because the design of these heaters does not change depending on the size. True, there are manufacturers who “lie” when they say that the price of their products is lower due to their size. Moreover, in fact, bimetallic radiators (300 mm, 400 mm or 200 mm does not matter) have a different structure. They do not have a horizontal steel core, and only the vertical collectors are made of this metal. You can identify a fake by the data sheet, which indicates a pressure level of 20-40 atmospheres, not usual for “real” bimetallic heaters, but only 12-15, which is unusual for these devices.

You should not buy such a product for an apartment with a centralized type of heating, but in an autonomous system they will be useful.

The ratio of power and size of radiators

As long-term practice of using heating devices has shown, the width of the sections of a bimetallic radiator (like any other), its length and height are reflected in the power, and this is understandable: the larger the radiator area, the higher its heat transfer.

If you compare the heat transfer, mass, capacity, size and pressure level of a bimetallic structure with an aluminum analogue, you will see the difference between them.

As can be seen from the above parameters, power varies depending on the size of the radiator, as does its pressure level, weight, and volume.

When choosing what type of radiators to install, you need to start from the real needs of the room in the amount of heat, and not from the style and quality of the interior design. Fortunately, modern manufacturers produce models of any level - low bimetallic heating radiators are in stores next to their high counterparts.

Knowing how much power a device should have, just look at the table that either sellers or manufacturers provide for each product and find the corresponding size indicator. When installing a sectional model, it can always be expanded to increase power, but if the radiator does not fit under the window, then you should choose designer heater options.

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Typical sizes of aluminum and bimetallic radiators

• Conclusion

It is well known that the heat output of heating devices must correspond to the amount of heat consumption required to heat the room. But another concept is closely related to heat transfer - the size of heating radiators. The larger the surface area of ​​the heater, the higher its thermal output. You also need to install it correctly, so that the interior of the room is not damaged. You should decide in advance where and what size you can install the batteries, and only then select them according to power. We will discuss this issue in this article.

What is the radiator center distance

It happens that an aluminum or bimetallic heating radiator selected for heat transfer does not fit under the window in height and length. But heating devices must not only be pushed into the existing opening, but also maintain the recommended distances to the wall, window sill and floor.

Otherwise, there will be little room for the movement of convection air flow and heating efficiency will decrease. The values ​​of these distances are indicated on the product installation diagram:

In order to determine in advance the height of the heating device and its length, you need to know the required heat transfer and the dimensions of the window sill niche (if there is one). In addition, you need to understand that all aluminum and bimetallic heating radiators have one unified size - the center distance. This is the gap between two axes running along the horizontal collectors of the battery. How this concept differs from other dimensions of the heating device is clearly shown in the figure:

For reference. This pattern is valid for all types of metal radiators.

The standard center-to-center distance of heating devices, maintained by all manufacturers without exception, is 350 and 500 mm. Other models can be produced with axle spacing of 200, 600, 700, 800 and 900 mm. Other dimensions may be different, but in the vast majority of their sizes lie within the following limits:

• section length (visually – width) from 80 to 88 mm;
• depth – from 52 to 100 mm;
• The total (installation) height of the product with an interaxal distance of 500 mm is from 570 to 590 mm.

Note. The installation height values ​​for products with other intervals can be seen on the website of the corresponding manufacturer; there is no point in listing them here.

How to choose the size of a heating radiator

The selection of battery size is as follows. After making sure that the products from the manufacturer that suits you are suitable in height and depth, you need to find out the number of sections for each room. To do this, we calculate the required thermal power of heating devices using the algorithm:

• in a room with one external wall and 1 window, 100 W of heat is received per 1 m2 of its area;
• if there are two walls facing outside, then you need to take 120 W per 1 m2 of room;
• when there are 2 walls and 2 windows, then 130 W/m2.

Note. The algorithm will give the correct result for rooms up to 2.5-2.7 m high. If the ceilings are higher, it is recommended to take 40 W of heat per 1 m3 of room volume.

Multiplying these figures by the area of ​​the rooms, we obtain the required thermal power, from which we determine the size of the battery, taking the heat transfer of 1 section as a basis. Below, as an example, are tables showing all sizes, center distances and heat transfer of aluminum and bimetallic GLOBAL radiators:

As a rule, the values ​​of the thermal power of the sections are indicated taking into account that the difference between the average temperature of the coolant and the air in the room is 70 ˚С (in the passport it is written: at DT = 70). This means that at +22 ˚С in the room the supply water temperature should be about 100 ˚С, while in a private house it is rarely 70 ˚С.

And at this temperature, the battery section will give off 30% less heat, which should be taken into account.

Advice. In order not to make a mistake, you need to subtract 30%, or better yet, 50% from the power indicated in the product passport.

Having determined the real power of 1 section, it becomes clear how to find their number: divide the previously found heat consumption by this value. But after this, you may encounter a situation where the heater assembly does not fit into the window sill niche or, conversely, looks too unpresentable in it, as shown in the photo:

How to choose the battery size in such cases? If it does not fit under the window, then the solution is simple: you need to divide the number of sections into 2 parts, instead of one device you will get two. The length of the first will be 75% of the window opening, and the second will be all that remains. This part can be placed near the side wall, connecting pipelines to it. In the opposite situation (as in the photo), you need to take sections with a smaller center distance and height. Their heat transfer is less, which means that the total length of the heater after recalculation will increase, and as a result it will look great.

Conclusion

It turns out that when choosing an aluminum or bimetallic heating radiator, you need to find a certain balance between the required thermal power and its size. Then the heating will be sufficient, the conditions for installing the battery will be met, and the interior will not be disturbed.