The functioning of the heating system of an apartment building requires compliance with a number of technical parameters. One of them is the working pressure of the coolant in the central heating system, which is maintained during the heating season and is considered the main characteristic of the performance of the heating circuit. The efficiency of heating apartments and trouble-free operation of heating equipment depend on the pressure in the heating radiators.

If the operating pressure in the system deviates from the parameters regulated by special standards and SNiP, an emergency disruption of the system may occur, including destruction of the riser pipelines or heating radiators in the apartment. Maintaining its stable nominal value allows hot coolant to be delivered to all apartments with almost the same temperature obtained when heating water in the boiler room.

The operating conditions of the central heating system in high-rise buildings and autonomous heating private buildings are fundamentally different from each other.

For central heating, the average conditions are as follows:

• coolant quality is low, with numerous impurities;
• coolant supply temperature - 120 0 C;
• pressure in the system is from 5 to 10 atm.

For a system in a private house, the conditions are slightly different:

• coolant quality is good, without impurities;
• coolant temperature - 100 0 C;
• pressure in the system - up to 3 atm.

Factors influencing the operating pressure

The amount of coolant pressure in high-rise buildings depends on many circumstances that directly or indirectly contribute to a deviation from the nominal value prescribed by the standards.

These include:

1. degree of wear and tear of boiler room equipment;
2. removal of a residential building from the boiler room;
3. the location of the apartment, on what floor and how far from the riser it is located. In an apartment located even next to the riser, in the corner room the pressure will be lower, since the extreme point of the heating pipeline is most often located there;
4. sizes of pipes installed by residents without permission. For example, when installing a pipe in an apartment with a diameter larger than that of the inlet pipe, the total pressure in the system will decrease, and when installing pipes of a smaller diameter, it will increase;
5. degree of wear of heating batteries.

Battery Performance

The abundance of various heating radiators that have flooded the modern plumbing market literally provokes consumers to replace outdated cast-iron heating equipment.

The criteria for their selection, first of all, are:

• material,
• operating pressure,
• nameplate thermal power,
• appearance.

At the same time, the possible difficulties of operating the purchased heating device as part of the unpredictable domestic central heating system are not taken into account at all. Foreign manufacturers of beautiful radiators made of aluminum or steel do not at all protect against water hammer when the pressure in the heating radiators jumps to 20-30 atm, corrosion of internal cavities when water is released for six months, gas formation in aluminum radiators when coolant with copper impurities flows and temperature changes. They simply do not have these problems, which cannot be said about the heating systems of our high-rise buildings.

Characteristics of cast iron radiators

• inertness to poor quality coolant;
• working pressure - 9 atm, pressure testing - 15 atm;
• withstands coolant temperature of 120 0 C;
• disadvantages - afraid of water hammer.

Characteristics of steel radiators

• working - up to 10 atm.;
• coolant temperature - up to 120 0 C;
• well regulated by thermal valve;
• disadvantage - they are not resistant to corrosion.

Characteristics of aluminum radiators

• working - up to 6 atm., but for reinforced structures - up to 10 atm.;
• well regulated by thermal valve;
• disadvantage is susceptibility to electrochemical corrosion and gas formation, which leads to the formation of air pockets.

Characteristics of bimetallic radiators

• working - up to 20 atm., for reinforced structures - up to 35 atm.;
• good corrosion resistance;
• coolant temperature - over 120 0 C.

It is important! When planning to purchase new radiators, do not hesitate to contact your housing and communal services structure to find out exactly the operating and test pressure values ​​​​in your home. Once a year it is submitted, higher than the working one, to identify weak points in the system. It may be higher than allowed for your new radiator.

Temperature of radiators in the apartment

Here you will receive information on such a topic as the temperature of heating radiators in an apartment: standards, a device for measuring heat metering, in what units it is measured, why an independent examination of the system in an apartment building is needed.

Considering that utility rates are constantly becoming more expensive, it is better to be aware of when the temperature in the heating system of an apartment building is considered normal in winter.

This will either save money or avoid paying the management company for a service that they do not provide properly.

Knowing SNiP standards for heating means knowing your rights and, if necessary, the ability to defend them.

Temperature of heating radiators in the apartment: standards

Unfortunately, for apartment buildings, when determining heat standards, nothing has changed since 2000. In conditions of centralized heating, it is not the temperature of the heating radiators in the apartment that is taken into account, but the heating of the air, which by modern standards is not entirely ethical.

This system is more suitable for times when buildings were erected from “cold” materials, for example, from panels, and no one saved on heating their homes, since there was no reason to save fuel.

In what units is heating in apartments measured? According to the standards established at that time, the air temperature for corner apartments is not lower than +20, and for the rest +18 degrees Celsius. In addition, the temperature of the heating supply to apartments at night could be reduced by the management company by 3 degrees, but no more. The same applies to other areas of the apartment, for example, for the bathroom (+25) or kitchen (+18).

There has been talk for a long time that it is time to change the heat metering system in apartment buildings and use radiators rather than air as a basis for heating. This would relieve consumers' wallets from an exorbitant burden, but would not be beneficial for management companies.

Possibilities for heat metering in an apartment building

If the temperature of the coolant in the heating system of an apartment building is taken into account, the standards will be different, since their indicators are largely influenced by the data from what material the house is made, and the life activity of people also contributes. For example, when preparing food in the kitchen, you can significantly save thermal energy, since the stove becomes its source. The same goes for materials: heating a brick building requires less energy than block concrete panels.

1. Season. Heating is usually turned off between April and mid-May, depending on the region.
2. Weather forecast. Before deciding to stop the heating systems, the weather forecast is reviewed - if a strong cold snap is expected in the coming days, then the shutdown does not occur. In addition, if there are prolonged frosts, the heating will also not be turned off.
3. For the heating season to end, the average daily temperature must be more than +8 degrees. Moreover, this parameter should be observed over the last five days.

Ways to heat your home in the off-season

Fan heaters allow you to quickly heat even a large room, and at the same time they consume a small amount of electricity. Since they do not take up much space, they are convenient to store when not needed, even in a small apartment. However, it must be taken into account that their use worsens the air quality - due to the oxidation of the spiral material and the combustion of dust, the oxygen content decreases (read also: “An air heating unit is a good heating option”).

More common are oil heaters and floor or wall heating convectors. They have less effect on the composition of the air, but dry it. The main disadvantage of such heating devices is their high electricity consumption. So, to heat a room of 20 square meters, you will need a heater with a power of about 2 kW.

But the best way to heat your home is to use air conditioners. A conventional device pumps 2.5-5 kW of thermal energy into an apartment from the street, while consuming about 1 kW of electricity. The most economical are the latest generation inverter air conditioners with rotary compressors. They generate 5 times more heat than they consume electricity. Read also: “What is the temperature schedule of the heating system and what does it depend on.”

What to do if there is no heating?

In the event that GOST for heating in an apartment is far from its norm, it is necessary to determine the cause of cold radiators. To do this, it is better to call representatives of the relevant service, since they can simultaneously record the temperature in living quarters.

If the problem is poor quality maintenance of the home heating system by heating network workers, then all the burden of troubleshooting will fall on the organization. At the same time, residents of the house must either be recalculated for heating if the radiators do not heat enough, or record the period when they were completely cold and be exempt from payment.

Thus, the law on heating of apartment buildings (2017) guarantees residents protection if utility services fail to comply with their duties.

Any application from them must be considered as soon as possible, after which a special commission comes and documents the discrepancies.

Knowing how many degrees the heating should be in the apartment, and at what time the system is turned on, each owner can independently determine whether the indicators comply with heating standards in the apartment and take measures if this is not the case.

When autumn confidently strides across the country, snow is flying above the Arctic Circle, and in the Urals night temperatures stay below 8 degrees, then the word form “heating season” sounds appropriate. People remember past winters and try to understand the normal temperature of the coolant in the heating system.

Prudent owners of individual buildings carefully inspect the valves and nozzles of boilers. By October 1, residents of an apartment building are waiting like Santa Claus for a plumber from the management company. The Lord of valves and valves brings warmth, and with it joy, fun and confidence in the future.

The Gigacalorie Path

Megacities sparkle with high-rise buildings. A cloud of renovation hangs over the capital. The outback prays to five-story buildings. Until demolished, the house operates a calorie supply system.

Heating of an economy class apartment building is carried out through a centralized heat supply system. The pipes enter the basement of the building. The supply of coolant is regulated by inlet valves, after which the water enters the mud traps, and from there it is distributed through the risers, and from them it is supplied to the radiators and radiators that heat the home.

The number of valves correlates with the number of risers. When performing repair work in a single apartment, it is possible to turn off one vertical line, rather than the entire house.

The waste liquid is partially discharged through the return pipe, and partially supplied to the hot water supply network.

Degrees here and there

Water for the heating configuration is prepared at a thermal power plant or in a boiler room. The norms for water temperature in the heating system are specified in the building regulations: the component must be heated to 130-150 °C.

The supply is calculated taking into account the parameters of the outside air. Thus, for the Southern Urals region, minus 32 degrees is taken into account.

To prevent the liquid from boiling, it must be supplied to the network under a pressure of 6-10 kgf. But this is a theory. In fact, most networks operate at 95-110 °C, since the network pipes in most populated areas are worn out and high pressure will burst them like a hot water bottle.

An elastic concept is a norm. The temperature in the apartment is never equal to the primary indicator of the coolant. Here, the elevator unit - a jumper between the forward and return pipes - performs an energy-saving function. The temperature standards for the coolant in the return heating system in winter allow heat to be maintained at a level of 60 °C.

The liquid from the direct pipe enters the elevator nozzle, mixes with return water and again goes into the house network for heating. The temperature of the carrier is reduced by mixing the return fluid. What affects the calculation of the amount of heat consumed by residential and utility rooms.

The hot one went

According to sanitary rules, the temperature of hot water at the points of analysis should be in the range of 60-75 ° C.

In the network, the coolant is supplied from the pipe:

• in winter - with reverse, so as not to scald users with boiling water;
• in summer - from a straight line, since in summer the carrier is heated no higher than 75 ° C.

A temperature chart is drawn up. The average daily return water temperature should not exceed the schedule by more than 5% at night and 3% during the day.

Parameters of distributing elements

One of the details of warming a home is the riser through which the coolant enters the battery or radiator from the Coolant temperature standards in the heating system require heating in the riser in winter in the range of 70-90 °C. In fact, the degrees depend on the output parameters of the thermal power plant or boiler house. In the summer, when hot water is needed only for washing and showering, the range moves to 40-60 °C.

Observant people may notice that the heating elements in the neighboring apartment are hotter or colder than in his own.

The reason for the temperature difference in the heating riser lies in the method of hot water distribution.

In a single-pipe design, the coolant can be distributed:

• above; then the temperature on the upper floors is higher than on the lower ones;
• from below, then the picture changes to the opposite - it is hotter from below.

In a two-pipe system, the degree is the same throughout, theoretically 90 °C in the forward direction and 70 °C in the reverse direction.

Warm like a battery

Let’s assume that the central network structures are reliably insulated along the entire route, the wind does not blow through attics, staircases and basements, and conscientious owners have insulated the doors and windows in the apartments.

Let's assume that the coolant in the riser complies with building code standards. It remains to find out what the normal temperature of the heating radiators in the apartment is. The indicator takes into account:

• outdoor air parameters and time of day;
• location of the apartment in the house plan;
• living or utility room in an apartment.

Therefore, attention: it is important not what the temperature of the heater is, but what the temperature of the air in the room is.

During the day, in corner rooms the thermometer should show at least 20 °C, and in centrally located rooms 18 °C is allowed.

At night, air in the home is allowed to be 17 °C and 15 °C, respectively.

Theory of linguistics

The name “battery” is a common one, meaning a number of identical objects. In relation to home heating, this is a series of heating sections.

Temperature standards for heating radiators allow heating no higher than 90 °C. According to the rules, parts heated above 75 °C are protected. This does not mean that they need to be covered with plywood or bricked. Usually a lattice fence is installed that does not impede air circulation.

Cast iron, aluminum and bimetallic devices are common.

Consumer choice: cast iron or aluminum

The aesthetics of cast iron radiators is the talk of the town. They require periodic painting, since the rules require that the working surface have a smooth surface and allow dust and dirt to be easily removed.

A dirty coating forms on the rough inner surface of the sections, which reduces the heat transfer of the device. But the technical parameters of cast iron products are excellent:

• are slightly susceptible to water corrosion and can be used for more than 45 years;
• have high thermal power per section, therefore they are compact;
• are inert in heat transfer, so they smooth out temperature changes in the room well.

Another type of radiator is made of aluminum. Lightweight, factory-painted design, does not require painting, and is easy to maintain.

But there is a drawback that overshadows the advantages - corrosion in an aquatic environment. Of course, the inner surface of the heater is insulated with plastic to avoid contact of aluminum with water. But the film may be damaged, then a chemical reaction will begin with the release of hydrogen, and when excess gas pressure is created, the aluminum device may burst.

The temperature standards for heating radiators are subject to the same rules as batteries: it is not so much the heating of a metal object that is important, but the heating of the air in the room.

In order for the air to warm up well, there must be sufficient heat removal from the working surface of the heating structure. Therefore, it is strictly not recommended to increase the aesthetics of the room with shields in front of the heating device.

Stairwell heating

Since we are talking about an apartment building, we should mention the staircases. The coolant temperature standards in the heating system state: the degree measure at the sites should not fall below 12 °C.

Of course, the discipline of residents requires closing the entrance doors tightly, not leaving the transoms of the staircase windows open, keeping the glass intact and promptly reporting any problems to the management company. If the management company does not take timely measures to insulate points of probable heat loss and maintain temperature conditions in the house, an application for recalculation of the cost of services will help.

Changes in heating design

Replacement of existing heating devices in an apartment is carried out with the obligatory approval of the management company. Unauthorized changes in the elements of warming radiation can disrupt the thermal and hydraulic balance of the structure.

When the heating season begins, changes in temperature conditions in other apartments and areas will be recorded. A technical inspection of the premises will reveal unauthorized changes in the types of heating devices, their quantity and size. The chain is inevitable: conflict - court - fine.

Therefore, the situation is resolved like this:

• if non-old ones are replaced with new radiators of the same size, then this is done without additional approvals; the only thing you need to contact the management company for is to turn off the riser during repairs;
• if new products differ significantly from those installed during construction, then it is useful to interact with the management company.

Heat meters

Let us remember once again that the heat supply network of an apartment building is equipped with thermal energy metering units, which record both the gigacalories consumed and the cubic capacity of water passed through the intra-house line.

In order not to be surprised by bills containing unrealistic amounts for heat when the degrees in the apartment are below normal, before the start of the heating season, check with the management company whether the meter is in working condition and whether the verification schedule has been violated.

Heating an apartment is the responsibility of either an authorized organization or the homeowner himself. In the second case, everything is very clear - the individual heating system of the home makes it possible to maintain any required temperature in each room. The first option is much more difficult.

Heating standards have been developed based on sanitary standards for both residential and non-residential premises. The basis, in the latter case, is the calculation of the needs of an ordinary body.

The calculation process itself has a sufficient level of complexity. These values ​​are usually called optimal. They are legally established and reflected in SNiP.

Temperature of heating radiators in the apartment: standards

Apartment heating standards determine the specific value of a sufficient indicator for residential and non-residential premises, with permissible deviations from their indicators.

They are developed more simply than for work premises, since those living in the housing exhibit low and, at the same time, stable activity:

• For residential premises, the air temperature is from 20 to 22 degrees Celsius, while acceptable limits are considered to be from 18 to 24 degrees;
• If we take corner rooms, then the indicator should not be less than twenty degrees, since such rooms are more susceptible than others to low external temperatures and winds;

• The kitchen is a work space where, in most cases, there is a heat source - an electric or gas oven. The temperature in this room should be between 19-21 degrees. Acceptable is from 18 to 26 degrees;
• The optimal temperature for toilets is 19-21 degrees. The limit values ​​range from 18 to 26. One way or another, bathrooms are not among the coolest rooms;
• The bathroom room is a hot room because it has a fairly high level of humidity. The minimum temperature here ranges from 18 to 24 degrees. The permissible maximum is 26 degrees. But still, at another 20 degrees, the comfort of using this room decreases;
• For non-residential premises, the temperature is calculated based on the frequency of their operation. In corridors, the acceptable temperature level is 18-20 degrees, however, 16 is also acceptable. For storerooms, the air temperature should be 16-18 degrees. Permissible limits are 12 and 22 degrees.

Since the need for heat during sleep is somewhat reduced, according to GOST, it is allowed to lower the temperature level in residential premises to 3 degrees from 00.00 to 05.00 in the morning. Such a decrease in the norm will not be considered a violation.

What are the requirements for the heating system?

The heating process in a multi-storey building is based on the results of many engineering calculations, sometimes they are not so successful.

The complexity of the process lies not in the delivery of heated water to the facility (building), but in its uniform distribution throughout all apartments, under the conditions of ensuring standard temperature indicators and optimal humidity in the apartments.

How effective such a system will be directly depends on the coherence of all its elements, including pipes and radiators in each apartment.

For this reason, replacing radiator batteries without taking into account the features of the heating system can lead to extremely undesirable consequences: one of the apartments may experience a shortage of heat, while another will have an excess of it.

It is through the establishment of standards that optimization of heating of city apartments is achieved:

• Safety requirements determine that the temperature of the coolant in the heating system should be 20 degrees less than the temperature of materials that tend to spontaneously ignite. For multi-apartment residential buildings, the standard coolant temperature should be in the range from 65 to 115 degrees, taking into account the season;
• When water overheats to 105 degrees, measures must be taken to prevent the liquid from boiling;
• The standard temperature limit for water flowing through heating radiators is 75 degrees. If this value is exceeded, the battery must have a restrictive design;
• The heating season in mid-latitudes begins in mid-October and ends in mid-April. In reality, service providers must initiate the start of heating from the moment when an average daily temperature of no higher than 8 degrees is recorded for five consecutive days.

Before you go looking for heat, you should remember that heat in the room will be supplied through the heating system only when the outside temperature reaches a certain level.

Standards require heating to start when the outside temperature is no more than 8 degrees. This temperature indicator must last for five days in a row, and only after this the rooms will begin to be heated.

When the heating in the house is adjusted, and temperature deviations are observed only in your room, it is necessary to check the indoor heating system for airing.

It is enough to feel the individual batteries in the apartment from top to bottom, and back. If some of the batteries are noticeably warm and the rest are cold, you can be sure that airing is the cause of the thermal imbalance. The air is released using a separate tap, which is located on each radiator battery.

Before opening the tap, you should place some container under it. When you open the tap, water should come out of it with a characteristic hissing sound. If the water begins to flow smoothly and without hissing, it means that the air has been released from the system, and the job is done.

After this, you should fix the tap in the closed position. After a while, check the cold spots on the battery, they should warm up.

If the problem is not with the batteries and they are completely cold, you should contact the management company. The technician will arrive within 24 hours. He will be able to draw a conclusion about the temperature conditions in the home and, if necessary, call a team that will fix all the problems.

When the management company did not respond to your appeal or the appearance of a technician did not change the situation, you should take temperature measurements in your home yourself, calling your neighbors.

When you have a device such as a pyrometer at your disposal, you should use it to take the necessary temperature measurements. Record all data in a report on measuring the air temperature in your home. It is compiled in the usual form. Let the neighbors sign the act.

You should pay attention to the fact that the temperature regime is determined by the “Sanitary and Epidemiological Requirements for Residential Buildings and Premises” SanPiN 2.1.2.1002-00.

Recorded measurements should be compared with the limit values ​​specified in SanPiN. Then you need to go back to the management company and the organization that supplies the house with heat to write a written complaint.

The document is drawn up in two copies. One of the copies must be in your hands with a stamp, signed indicating the details of the person who accepted the document and the date of receipt of the document. The second one must be submitted for consideration.

If you were not satisfied with the answer, then there is no need to leave everything halfway, move on. You should contact the district Prosecutor's Office and the Housing Inspectorate, since it is she who is authorized to monitor the work of the management company and other communal structures.

Also write a letter to Rospotrebnadzor (based on the violation of your consumer rights). You can use the Rospotrebnadzor hotline (8-80-010-000-04).

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o-nedvizhke.ru

Temperature of radiators in the apartment, normal

The cold weather has arrived, the central heating has been turned on, but you don’t want to take off your favorite sweater? Find out what the temperature of the batteries in the apartment should be according to the standards.

As soon as the apartment gets cooler, you start thinking about buying a heater. But no matter how ultra-modern it is, it is still an additional expense. If, on top of everything, you have to pay impressive sums for centralized heating, then it becomes completely sad. Therefore, at first, before frost hits, you need to buy a thermometer and check whether the readings are really below normal.

How to measure the temperature of a radiator

This is the first thing that comes to mind when, after touching the radiator, you realize that it is barely warm. There are also standards: no less than 35-40°C, but no more than 95 degrees of heating of the coolant, and ideally - from 50 to 70°C. The easiest way to check is to unscrew the tap, drain the hot water and measure its temperature. If this is not possible, then apply a regular thermometer to the radiator, adding a couple of degrees to the result. It is very good to make such measurements with an infrared pyrometer.

What to do if the thermometer in your apartment is broken

As you can see, the accuracy of such measurements is relative. Therefore, it is better to monitor compliance with the standards for the microclimate in the apartment. In any residential building, the air should be heated to at least 18°C, naturally with the windows closed.

It should be a little warmer in the corner rooms - 20°C. From 12 at night to 5 in the morning, indicators can decrease by 3 degrees; at other times of the day, deviations are unacceptable. At the same time, the location of the apartment does not matter, the main thing is that it is residential. Even in the semi-basement it should not be colder.

When should heating be turned on in apartments?

Cold radiators in the apartment, where to complain

They gave me heating, but the radiators are cold, what should I do? If the temperature of the radiators in the apartment does not correspond to the norm, then you must contact the performing organization. You can call, but it’s better to go to the emergency dispatch service. To do this, it is necessary to state all claims in writing in two copies. One remains in the service, and the other must be marked with an incoming registration number.

After accepting the application, you must immediately agree on the time when representatives of this organization will come to conduct an inspection. If the time has not been agreed upon, then the commission must arrive no later than two hours after the application. Next, temperature measurements are taken and a corresponding report is drawn up. It is advisable to involve representatives of the public in signing. They have the right to sign the act if the opinions of the consumer and the contractor differ.

How to choose batteries for central heating

Compensation for the provision of poor-quality services

For deviations from the norm, you can request a recalculation. For each “underheated” hour, the monthly heating fee is reduced by 0.15%. It should be borne in mind that performers also have rules according to which they can take a break in the provision of services:

• in total no more than 24 hours per month;
• no more than 16 hours in a row at a room temperature of 12 - 18 degrees;
• no more than 8 - at 10 – 12 °C;
• no more than 4 - at 8 – 10 °C indoors.

If the contractor did not heat in excess of this norm and, on the basis of the claim act, refuses to recalculate, then the consumer has the legal right to sue.

ecoblog.pro

Heating radiator temperature: how to sue for cold in an apartment?

Heat / Radiators

Problems with heating during the heating season and cold in the apartment can be a reason for going to court. By law, batteries must warm the room no lower than the temperature established by special standards.

What should be the temperature in the apartment? Legal requirements

The temperature in the residential premises of an apartment building is determined by the “Rules for the provision of utility services to owners and users of premises in apartment buildings and residential buildings”, as well as “GOST R 51617-2000. State standard of the Russian Federation. Housing and communal services. General technical conditions."

The “Rules for the Provision of Utilities” states that in residential premises the temperature should not be lower than +18 °C (in corner rooms - +20 °C). And in areas with the coldest five-day temperature of -31 °C and below, the air temperature in residential premises should not be lower than +20 °C (in corner rooms - +22 °C).

At night (from 00.00 to 5.00 hours) the air temperature in the apartment can drop by no more than 4 °C. During the daytime, a decrease in temperature below the standard level is not allowed.

At the same time, GOST R 51617-2000 (State standard of the Russian Federation. Housing and communal services. General technical conditions. approved by Resolution of the State Standard of Russia dated June 19, 2000 N 158-st) sets the minimum air temperature level for certain types of premises in the apartment .

Room	Indoor air temperature during the cold season, °C
Living room of an apartment or dormitory	18 (20)
The same, in areas with the coldest five-day temperature (probability 0.92) minus 31 °C and below	20 (22)
Apartment and dormitory kitchen, vat:	18
Drying cabinet for clothes and shoes in the apartment	-
Bathroom	25
Individual restroom	18
Combined toilet and bathroom area	25
The same, with individual heating	18
Common washroom	18
Shared shower	25
Shared restroom	16
Dressing room for cleaning and ironing clothes, washroom in the dormitory	18
Lobby, common corridor, hallway in an apartment building, staircase	16
Lobby, common corridor, staircase in the dormitory	18
Laundry room	15
Ironing and drying rooms in dormitories	15
Storage rooms for storing personal belongings and sports equipment; household and linen in the hostel	12
Isolation room in a dormitory	20
Elevator machine room	5
Garbage collection chamber	5

Notes: In corner rooms of apartments and dormitories, the air temperature should be 2 °C higher than specified

How to correctly measure the air temperature in your apartment?

The current “Rules for the provision of public services” explain the situation as follows:

... The air temperature in residential premises is measured in a room (if there are several rooms - in the largest living room), in the center of planes spaced from the inner surface of the outer wall and the heating element by 0.5 m and in the center of the room (the point of intersection of the diagonal room lines) at a height of 1 m. In this case, measuring instruments must comply with the requirements of standards (GOST 30494-96)…

What to do if the temperature in your apartment drops below normal?

If you find that your apartment is colder than required by law, you must notify your emergency dispatch service. The application can be made either in writing or orally (by telephone call).

The duty officer is required to register your application and set a time for the inspection.

The time for the inspection is set no later than 2 hours from the moment of receiving a message from the consumer about a violation of the quality of the utility service, unless a different time is agreed upon with the consumer.

Upon completion of the inspection, an inspection report is drawn up. If during its course a violation of the quality of a utility service is established, then the inspection report indicates the date and time of the inspection, the identified violations of the quality parameters of the utility service, the methods (tools) used during the inspection to identify such violations, conclusions about the date and time of the beginning of the violation of the quality of the utility service. services.

It’s cold in the apartment: what compensation can you expect?

If no one comes to you, or comes and signs documents, but nothing changes, then you have a natural desire to influence the situation in more radical ways.

Before moving on to considering possible methods of influencing public utilities, let's clarify what responsibilities the current legislation places on the heat supplier to a residential building.

The requirements for an acceptable interruption in the supply of heat are formulated as follows (for more details, see the Rules for the provision of utility services to owners and users of premises in apartment buildings and residential buildings, Appendix 1, Section VI):

• no more than 24 hours (in total) within 1 month;
• no more than 16 hours at a time - at an air temperature in residential premises from +12°C to the standard temperature indicated in the table above;
• no more than 8 hours at a time - at an air temperature in residential premises from +10°C to +12°C;
• no more than 4 hours at a time - at an air temperature in residential premises from +8°С to +10°С

The liability of utility companies for violations of these requirements is established as follows:

• for each hour of exceeding the permissible duration of a heating interruption, calculated in total for the billing period in which the specified excess occurred, the amount of payment for utility services for such billing period is reduced by 0.15% of the fee determined for such billing period.

Well, what if heat is supplied to the apartment, but the radiators do not warm the room? In this case, the following requirements are established:

• permissible decrease in standard temperature at night (from 0.00 to 5.00 hours) - no more than 3°C from the above level;
• a decrease in air temperature in a living room during the daytime (from 5.00 to 0.00 hours) is not allowed

Responsibility for violation of these norms is established as follows:

• for each hour of deviation in air temperature in a residential area in total during the billing period in which the specified deviation occurred, the amount of payment for utility services for such billing period is reduced by 0.15% of the fee determined for such billing period for each degree of temperature deviation.

Thus, the current legislation makes it possible:

• In the event of your batteries being disconnected, for every hour in excess of the permitted duration of battery disconnection (the terms are indicated above), you will be charged 0.15% of the monthly (this is how we set the billing period) payment for heat
• If the apartment is cold, but the radiators still heat, then you can demand a reduction in the monthly heating fee by 0.15% for each hour when the temperature was below the standard.

The recalculation may be for a significant amount. Let's do the math.

Suppose you pay about 3,000 rubles a month in winter for heating your apartment. You are tired of constantly freezing and, say, on December 3, you drew up an act stating that the temperature in your apartment does not exceed 15 degrees Celsius (determined based on the temperature in the largest room by area).

However, within a month there was no reaction from the utility workers. It's still cold in the house. What will the recalculation be like?

We take 27 days following the drawing up of the act. This will be 648 hours. We multiply this number of hours by 0.15%, we get a figure of 97.2%. You should be recalculated for this amount. It turns out that you are actually not obliged to pay for heating if this service is not provided efficiently.

Naturally, no one will return this money to you voluntarily. We need to go to court.

What are the chances of winning a lawsuit regarding cold radiators in an apartment?

There are precedents for residents being able to get their heating bills recalculated due to the cold in their apartment.

In particular, in 2014, in several courts, a resident of the Perm Territory managed to obtain a recovery of 136 thousand rubles in favor of low temperature in her living room.

As Rossiyskaya Gazeta reports, Gubakha resident Natalya Alekseeva (surname changed) filed a lawsuit against the local management company in the spring of 2014, demanding 350 thousand rubles from utility workers. She justified her statement by the fact that during the heating season of 2012-2013, as well as in the winter of the following year, the temperature in her apartment did not rise above 15 degrees. Meanwhile, according to the rules for the provision of public services, the air in residential premises must be heated to 18 degrees, and in corner rooms - to 20.

Alekseeva invited employees of the Criminal Code to take her temperature. In total, such measurements were made ten times. And not once did they meet the norm. The plaintiff even noted in her statement to the court that because of the cold in the apartment she became ill, and listed several diseases that brought her to the hospital.

Alekseeva did not stop complaining to various authorities, district and regional, trying to get a recalculation of utility bills. And in 2013, she even refused to pay for heating, believing that the money was being taken from her unreasonably. The case then reached the magistrate’s court, which issued an order to collect 31 thousand rubles in debt from Alekseeva. But this decision was overturned, since she was able to prove the improper provision of a service such as heating.

As a result, all attempts to solve the problem peacefully failed. Claims asking for a recalculation of heat payments were rejected. The woman was not offered any compensation. And then she went to court.

During the trial, representatives of the management company completely denied their involvement in the low temperatures in Alekseeva’s apartment. They stated that there was no agreement between them for the provision of such a service as heating, and money for it did not arrive at their cash desk. Therefore, they did not recognize the demands presented.

However, the Gubakhinsky City Court decided otherwise. The fact is that, according to the management agreement for the apartment building where Alekseeva lives, the management company is obliged to provide water supply, sanitation and heating services. According to the same document, payment for them must be made directly to resource supply organizations.

The management company, in addition, has an agreement with the local housing and communal services department on the supply of thermal energy. It states that this resource is intended for heating residential buildings, and the air temperature in them must meet the standards.

Therefore, the court recognized Alekseeva’s demands as legal, and all the objections of the Criminal Code as unfounded. The absence of a heating agreement between them does not play any role, since this obligation of the utility organization is specified in the agreement for the management of an apartment building.

Taking into account that the management company could no longer argue the fact of poor-quality heat supply, the court satisfied the plaintiff’s demands to recover money. At the same time, Alekseeva is required to return 77 thousand rubles as a recalculation, in addition, a fine of half this amount and 20 thousand rubles as compensation for moral damage. Total 136 thousand.

energovopros.ru

Housing and communal services in Russia

Hello, Ksenia! First. The main factor characterizing the quality of heating is not the temperature of the radiators, but the air temperature in the rooms, which should be: - OPTIMAL - 20-22 degrees C for all of Russia; - MAXIMUM PERMISSIBLE: - for the Central European part of Russia - not lower than 18 degrees C (in corner rooms - not lower than 20 degrees C); - for the Northern European part and Asian regions of Russia (areas where the temperature of the coldest five-day period (provision 0.92) is “minus” 31°C and below) - not lower than 20 degrees C (in corner rooms - not lower than 22 degrees C ); Second. If the temperature is lower than specified, write, write, write to all authorities. If you have a heating problem, please contact the head of the house management company in WRITTEN or by email, and then the State Housing Inspectorate, Rospotrebnadzor and the city (district, village) administration - one by one or all at once. Ask a question and I will send you an example text of the letter with links to the relevant technical documentation. Third, this is a specific answer to your question about battery temperature. The temperature of the heating system batteries must not be lower than that indicated in the temperature schedule approved by the city administration. What is a temperature graph? This is a table that shows what water temperature ENTER AND OUTLET A HOME HEATING SYSTEM should be maintained based on the actual outside temperature based on specific local conditions. These schedules are developed by specialists based on the requirement that during the cold period of the year an optimal temperature of 20 - 22 degrees C is maintained in living rooms, for which we pay our hard-earned money. Below, as an example, some figures are given from a typical heating temperature schedule after the heating point of a residential building for a single-pipe heating system with radiators according to a bottom-up scheme for cities with an estimated outside air temperature of 15 degrees C (Moscow, Voronezh, Orel, etc. ) with a calculated (design) water temperature difference of 105/70°C: (accepted abbreviations: Tnv - actual outside air temperature, gr.C; Tpr - direct water temperature, gr.C, Tobr - return water temperature, gr.C) ​​At Tnv + 5 degrees C Tpr. = 50, Tobr. = 40 At Tnv 0 deg. C Tpr. = 65, Tobr. = 48 At Tnv - 5 degrees C Tpr. = 79, T arr. = 56 At Tnv -10 deg. C Tpr. = 92, Tobr. = 63 At Tnv - 15 degrees C Tpr. = 105, Tobr. = 70 As you can see, at an outside temperature of 21 degrees C, the water temperature at the entrance to the heating radiators on the 1st floor of the house (with a single-pipe heating system) should be 105 degrees. WITH! Next, the water, rising through the floors and then descending, on each battery should be cooled by 2 -3.5 degrees C. Even if your apartment is located on the 1st floor of a 5-story building on a “descending” (reverse) riser, the temperature at the entrance to the battery should be about 65 - 70 degrees C. The temperature difference at the inlet and outlet of each battery depends on many factors: on the heating scheme (single-pipe or two-pipe), on the type and area of ​​the battery, the condition of its internal surface (pollution), on the actual water flow through the battery, etc. If the actual temperatures of the batteries are Your apartment is below those indicated in the temperature chart, this indicates a clear “underflow” in the boiler room (at a thermal power plant) and/or insufficient water flow in the heating system! Request a temperature schedule from the organizations listed in the “Second” section and monitor whether the heat supply organization and management company comply with it. In your requirements, refer to the following. documents: - to the Federal Law of the Russian Federation “On Heat Supply” dated July 27, 2010 No. 190-FZ: Art. 6, part 1, paragraph 6; Art. 23, part 3, paragraph 7; Art. 20, part 5; Art. 29, part 3. - on “Rules and standards for the technical operation of the housing stock” (approved by the Post of the State Construction Committee of the Russian Federation dated September 27, 2003 No. 170), paragraphs 5.2.1, 5.2.3 and Appendix 11. Fourth. You have the right (and must!) demand a recalculation of heating fees if the air temperature in at least one room is below 18 degrees C (for the northern and eastern regions of Russia - below 20 degrees C). This is established by paragraph 15 of Appendix 1 of the “Rules for the provision of utility services to owners and users of premises in apartment buildings and residential buildings” (approved by the Government of the Russian Federation No. 354 of May 6, 2011). The recalculation amount adds up to a very decent amount, up to a complete “exemption” from payment! Fifth. Please open the “Articles” → “Useful Information” section on this site - and there you can probably find many articles with information on a topic that interests you - about heating, even templates for letters about fee recalculation, etc. If you inform , in what city you live, how many floors in the house, on what floor is your apartment, what kind of heating system in the house (one-pipe or two-pipe) - I will try to tell you more specific figures for heating your apartment.. Good luck and 20 degrees in the apartment!

Kalnin Yuri

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Utility fees are rising every year, especially in times of economic crisis. Unfortunately, nothing similar can be said about their quality. When citizens give a significant part of their hard-earned money to ensure comfortable living conditions, public utilities tend to show dishonesty on all fronts of their work.

Dear readers! Our articles talk about typical ways to resolve legal issues, but each case is unique.

If you want to know how to solve exactly your problem - contact the online consultant form on the right or call free consultation:

If, during self-measurement, you determine that the temperature norm is reduced, you should inform the Emergency Dispatch Service about this. If the disruption of heat supply is not caused by natural factors (for example, an accident on a heating main), the dispatcher calls an emergency team to the house, drawing up an official measurement report.

The measurement must be carried out by a registered device that has all the necessary technical documents. The act contains the following information:

• date of its preparation,
• characteristics of the apartment,
• composition of the commission,
• device data,
• temperature values,
• signatures of all commission members.

The act is drawn up in two copies, one of which remains with the owner of the apartment, and the other with the housing and communal services employees carrying out the measurements.

Air exchange rate

Air temperature is not the only parameter that directly affects the comfort and safety of people living in the house. Air exchange is important for the body: the presence of fresh air, ventilation of residential and non-residential premises.

This parameter is also regulated by SanPiN regulations. Thus, the required air exchange rate for a living space with an area of ​​18 m² is 3 m³/h per square meter, for a kitchen - three times more.

Air exchange rate is a characteristic determined by the ratio of air removed or supplied from a room per hour to the volume of this room.

How to measure coolant?

The coolant in the central heating system is hot water, flowing from the tap.

You can measure its temperature in various ways, but the simplest is measuring tap water temperature with a thermometer, poured into a glass.

It is also possible to measure pipe temperature. The value of this parameter should be 50-70°C.

Responsibility of utilities for violation of temperature standards

If the indoor temperature in winter is below normal, what should you do?

By law, citizens have the right to demand reducing heat charges by 0.15% for each hour that utilities fail to comply with your temperature standards. After carrying out simple calculations, you can establish that after 4 weeks of providing low-quality home heating services, the payment for it is reduced by more than 90%. Of course, utility companies will not voluntarily agree to such a recalculation, and therefore we must go to court.

An application for recalculation of heating fees to the Management Company can be downloaded.

History knows examples when citizens managed to defend their rights. Thus, in 2014, a resident of the Perm Territory recovered 136 thousand rubles from utility services for the utility services’ failure to comply with their obligations to provide her home with heat.

Temperature standards in the apartment. Watch the video: