Heat in the house is one of the most important factors that you should pay attention to when building a room. Heat loss can be minimized in various ways. Today, special warm plasters are increasingly used for this purpose. They are applied only from the inside, which allows you to additionally level the walls for further finishing.

Peculiarities

Warm plaster is a cement-based mixture, the main task of which is to retain heat indoors. Classic sand-based solutions are characterized by high heat loss. To increase thermal insulation, various fillers are added to plasters that can create a porous structure.

Today in production these products are made from the following substances:

• expanded clay;
• perlite;
• sawdust;
• expanded polystyrene.

Plasters of this type have several positive features:

• Easy to apply. The technology for covering walls is practically no different from classic plastering with cement mixtures.
• Versatility. With the help of plaster, not only heat loss is reduced, but also the walls are leveled for decorative finishing.
• Vapor permeability. The substances allow moisture to pass through well, which allows you to create an optimal microclimate inside the house.
• No cold bridges.

• Good adhesion to various types of surfaces. This allows you to finish almost all walls with minimal cost and effort. Plasters can be applied to some substrates even without prior priming.
• Good sound insulation. The compositions absorb sound waves of various ranges well. But if they are affected by vibration, then they cannot hide such noise.
• Plasters are not damaged by rodents, and mold and other harmful microorganisms do not develop in them.

Warm compositions are not universal, as they have several significant disadvantages:

• High price. It is quite expensive to purchase such compounds in large quantities, which forces people to look for alternative insulation options.
• Low thermal conductivity coefficient. This indicator for plasters is much inferior to the value for insulation materials such as mineral wool, expanded polystyrene or polyurethane foam.
• The maximum thickness of the plaster cannot exceed 5 cm. If this value is increased, then the composition will begin to peel off very quickly after hardening.
• Relatively high density. Although the composition includes relatively light materials, after application to the walls they can still create a significant load on the surface.
• Almost all types of plaster mixtures should be coated with additional protective solutions after application. In most cases, puttying with various compositions (based on gypsum or cement) is used for this purpose.

Kinds

Modern manufacturers present many types of warm plasters. Depending on the composition and presence of the main component, the following types of mixtures can be distinguished:

• Expanded rocks. The most common type of heat-saving plasters. They are obtained through the process of high-temperature processing of various types of mineral fillers. Today, expanded clay chips, vermiculite and perlite are increasingly used for this purpose. Such products can be used both inside and outside buildings. But the latter option requires additional processing (reinforcement, finishing), since water will penetrate into the rooms through the pores, disturbing the structure of the finishing materials.

• Expanded polystyrene compositions. Plasters on a similar basis also receive unique protective properties. But experts recommend using them only for external walls. This is due to the fact that the material is not environmentally friendly, so it is undesirable inside residential premises.
• Plaster based on foam glass. The filler is obtained from waste glass or directly from quartz sand. All these components melt and are amenable to sequential foaming, which makes it possible to achieve unique technical parameters. Plaster mixtures based on foam glass are distinguished by their low weight and good heat retention properties.

This material is environmentally friendly and safe, as it does not emit any harmful substances at all (even when heated). Therefore, this substance is one of the leaders in the manufacture of heat-saving plasters.

• Wood sawdust. The material is quite often used in industrial production. It is also used by many craftsmen to prepare warm plasters. Compositions based on sawdust have unique heat-saving properties and are also completely safe for human health. But with strong heating, sawdust can begin to smolder.

It should be noted that warm plasters are not a universal insulation material, since they cannot replace classic materials. But if you need to improve the thermal insulation properties of wall surfaces, then it will be the best solution.

Application area

Warm plasters are the name of a class of mixtures that can increase the thermal insulation of a surface. This has led to such a wide distribution of this product in the modern market.

Similar compositions are used to solve several problems:

• Leveling and insulation of facades. Theoretically, various heat-insulating plasters can be applied to the outside of a building. But some of them can withstand changes in temperature and humidity, while others should be additionally covered with a protective layer. Therefore, the use of such materials outside is limited to only a few varieties.
• Leveling and thermal insulation of internal walls. Almost all types of plasters are suitable for such purposes. Some of them are capable of changing not only the heat-insulating properties, but also giving a decorative effect.

• Insulation of structures that were built according to the “well masonry” principle. Insulating plaster is used here to fill voids that have formed in the wall structure.
• Protection of sewerage or water supply systems from low temperatures. In most cases, they are used in places where pipes are adjacent to the house. Work of this type requires preliminary planning and the creation of protective frames.
• Insulation of door or window slopes. Insulating plaster prevents the formation of cold bridges. This avoids condensation.
• Thermal insulation of ceiling or floor surfaces. But such use is relatively rare, since users prefer classic insulation materials and approaches.

Application technology

Warm plasters are practically no different from classic mixtures.

The plastering process can be divided into several successive steps:

• Surface preparation. This type of plastering should only be applied to clean and smooth walls. It is advisable that there are no cracks or other physical damage on them. Therefore, first of all, you need to eliminate the cracks with cement mortars.
• Padding. This operation is not necessary for many mixtures. It is advisable to clarify this fact before using solutions. But experts almost always recommend covering walls with deep penetration primers. They will not only strengthen the wall, but also remove dust from its surface.
• Preparation of the solution. All components should be mixed only in exact proportions. Experts recommend mixing the entire package at once, since the components in it may be distributed unevenly.

Mixing the masonry mortar is carried out with a construction mixer. Please note that this should not be done at high speeds. It is advisable to add the dry mixture to the water, and not vice versa. In this way, you can get uniform and high-quality plaster. To check if the mixture is ready, you need to scoop it onto a spatula and turn it over. She shouldn't fall in this position.

• Installation of beacons. These elements are located along the entire perimeter of the walls. They allow you to achieve a perfectly flat surface.
• Plastering. Apply the composition using a wide spatula between the beacons. Experts recommend starting work from the bottom and moving up. The solution is distributed in an even layer. When the area between adjacent beacons is filled, you can begin leveling. To do this, use a long rule to move the mixture, while leaning on supports.
• When the plaster hardens a little, you need to remove the beacons and fill these places with a liquid composition. At the very end, final alignment is carried out.

Manufacturers

Warm plasters differ in composition, which affects their physical properties. Today, many manufacturers of cement mortars produce various products. Among all this diversity, several popular brands of warm plasters can be distinguished:

• Knauf Grünband- one of the most famous types of plasters. It is made on the basis of polystyrene foam filler. The fraction of balls does not exceed the size of 1.5 mm. The manufacturer also adds various types of plasticizers and water-repellent additives. After hardening, the top layer of plaster forms a unique decorative surface. Subsequently, it can be painted with special paints that will protect the surface from climatic influences. Its use indoors is not recommended. To obtain optimal thermal insulation performance, the solution should be applied in a layer thickness of at least 1 cm, but not more than 3 cm.

• UMKA UB-21 TM. Universal heat-insulating plasters that perfectly withstand significant temperature changes. The applied layer of the substance can withstand up to 35 winter cycles. It is made on the basis of a cement-lime mixture with the addition of foam glass. The product can be applied to almost any mineral base. Perfect for any type of work. The materials also repel water quite well, which allows you to protect the main surface from its effects. Another advantage can be considered the quality of sound insulation. But if you use it for interior walls, then the surface after hardening will need to be additionally covered with special putties.

• "Bear"- another good variety of domestically produced solutions. According to customer reviews, it tolerates frosty winters well. The advantages of the product include low thermal conductivity. It is universal, as it can be used in different temperature conditions.
• HAGAst AuBenputzPerlit FS-402. The main constituent elements here are cement and perlite sand. Compositions are intended for processing cellular concrete and gas silicate blocks. But they are also suitable for brick and wood concrete. The only drawback can be considered the inability of the plaster to withstand external influences. Therefore, it should be additionally puttied with protective solutions.

Recently, a new material has appeared among thermal insulation products in the construction industry, which has received the unofficial name of warm plaster. In addition to the functions of providing protection to the walls of the building from environmental influences, the composition acts as a thermal insulation material, retaining energy inside the building.

When talking about plastering walls, the question that comes to mind is the labor intensity of the work and the need to attract specialists with experience and qualifications, but the classic application of sand-cement mixture to the walls does not solve the problem of wall insulation. With thermal insulation or “warm” plaster, there will be one less problem during construction.

When insulating, warm plaster is used for the facade and interior work. It is highly energy efficient, but remains an inexpensive construction raw material.

Material composition

For the manufacture of traditional plaster compositions, cement, sand, water, and, if necessary, mineral additives are used to add strength or frost resistance to the final product.

Thermal insulating plaster has the properties of both insulation and cement mixture.

This effect is achieved by applying a special recipe to the production of the material. The most common substances that are used to dilute the material to increase its energy-efficient properties of steel:

• expanded vermiculite;
• sawdust;
• granulated expanded clay crumbs;
• crushed pumice;
• granulated polystyrene foam.

Manufacturers and prices

The technology for producing the material appeared not so long ago, but there is already competition among manufacturers. Nowadays, the most famous heat-insulating plaster is of three brands: “Mishka” or “Varmix”, “Umka” and “Knauf”. Below is a description of each of them.

• Thermal insulation mixture "Umka". Popular material in recent years. It has gained fame as a product suitable for interior finishing work. The basis of “Umka” is granulated silicon balls. It has vapor barrier properties, does not absorb moisture, absorbs sound waves, and is an excellent thermal insulator. Silicon balls are odorless and harmless to human health. In addition to increased thermal insulation properties, due to granulated ceramic balls, the plaster composition acquires increased strength with a lighter specific gravity. Applying such a mixture to wall surfaces will not require additional treatment with primer compounds or installation of reinforcing mesh. In construction markets, “Umka” is sold at a price of 100 rubles per 1 kg.

• Warm plaster “Mishka” or “Varmix”. Some people confuse these two materials, but they have the same manufacturer, who has rebranded the brand. Like the previous insulation, “Mishka” in its raw form is a dry mixture, which is diluted in the required proportions with water before application to the surface. The finished composition has high adhesion properties to any surface, which eliminates the need to treat walls with primers. This is an excellent sound and vapor barrier material. “Mishka” has the positive properties of a competitor and is used as a heat-insulating plaster for exterior use. The price in the store per kilogram of “Mishka” starts from 120 rubles per kilogram.

• Thermal insulating composition "Knauf". Manufacturers took care of the versatility of the final product. Knauf can be applied to any type of surface. Even floor slabs are insulated and plastered with the mixture. Due to the fact that the plaster composition is applied both manually and using machine mechanisms, a person has the opportunity to save time when performing work.

On the construction market, the manufacturer presents the mixture in a wide range of products, each of which is designed for specific tasks. By adding additives during production, the tasks of imparting the properties of frost resistance, moisture resistance, or other properties to the final product are solved.

Exposure to negative temperatures during the operation of a building does not have a negative effect on its chemical or physical properties. Initially, the material is provided with high strength parameters, which gives the capital structures of the building additional protection.

Types of warm plaster

Technically, the material has the properties it needs due to the addition of insulating materials to the base. There are three types of mixtures based on composition.

• Vermiculite based plaster. This additive is produced by heat treatment of vermiculite rock. Expanded vermiculite has antiseptic properties, protecting wall coverings from the formation of harmful fungal growths. This lightweight mineral filler is added to ready-made dry mixtures, making it possible to use for facade work and interior decoration.
• A plaster mixture containing expanded polystyrene foam granules. The polystyrene foam content makes the plaster an excellent thermal insulator. In addition to this insulating material, the composition includes cement, lime, special additives and fillers. It is suitable for use as a warm plaster for external and internal construction work.
• Another type of this heat-insulating mixture is called “sawdust” , since in addition to cement, sawdust, clay, and paper are added to it. Due to the content of additional components, heat-insulating plaster for interior work is used for thermal insulation. Such warm plaster when performing external work on the outside of the wall is not resistant to constant exposure to moisture. However, it is also suitable for interior work. When insulating walls with this composition, keep in mind that during the period of hardening of the solution it is necessary to ensure constant ventilation of the room. “Sawdust” solution is applied to brick and wooden walls. Hardening time is about two weeks. If you do not ventilate the room, the finishing surface will become covered with mold or mildew.

Cement heat-insulating plaster Knauf Grünband

Warm plaster Knauf Grünband deserves special attention. The Knauf product line itself is well known, but among them there are the most popular ones. Fractional components are no more than 1.5 mm in diameter. Application is carried out in two ways: manually and using electrical equipment.

This mixture is also used in addition to performing the main functionality. It helps solve other problems, such as:

1. Application of waterproofing coating to the walls of facades, basements, sanitary rooms and other rooms with high humidity.
2. Strengthening the surface of facades. The high characteristics of the Knauf Grünband mixture in the field of resistance to physical stress make it possible to protect walls from the effects of external conditions associated with the natural shrinkage processes of the soil under the building. As a result, cracks do not form on the surface.
3. Decorative tasks. The structure makes it possible, through simple manipulations, to transform the plaster layer into a finishing decorative element for wall decoration. As a result, no additional painting work will be required, except for the final painting of the surface.

Knauf Grünband is sold in retail outlets in 25 kilogram containers. One bag, when applied to a wall 1.5 cm thick, is enough to treat a surface area of ​​1-1.4 square meters. m.

Work progress

Insulating plaster is applied to the wall surfaces using traditional technology. Before starting work, the surface is cleaned of dust and flaking elements. Some types of warm plasters do not require treatment with primer compounds, but for higher adhesion, applying a primer will not be superfluous.

The solution is mixed in construction containers with a volume of at least 50 liters.

It is written on the packaging how much liquid will need to be added to the mixture according to the technology. Some plaster compositions harden in a short time, so you should carefully study the instructions from the manufacturer to avoid discarding the material.

In order to save time, the work is entrusted to experienced teams who have already completed more than one project using this technology.

Plaster, suitable as insulation for the facade, is applied in the same way as that used indoors. When working with it, it is important to pay attention to the frost resistance properties of the material and its adhesion at sub-zero temperatures. In the process of plastering the facade with warm plaster with your own hands in winter, there is a risk that the solution will not adhere to the frozen surface of the wall. In the future, the layer will move away from the wall, and the material will have to be thrown away.

The material is applied to the walls in several layers. Each layer is not made thicker than 20 mm, and it can be applied no earlier than 4 hours after the previous one. To carry out the work, experienced specialists use construction spatulas of two sizes: wide and small. The quality of work is checked using two-meter rules with a level. This should be done 3 weeks after completion of work. The deviation of the plane from the level should usually not exceed 1-3 mm.

Preparatory stage

Applying plaster to insulate the facade will require more preparation before starting work than indoors. Work at height requires strict adherence to safety measures, the use of only certified equipment and building structures to ensure work safety. Before starting work, elements protruding from the body of the capital structure are removed from the surface of the external walls. After completion of general construction work, masons do not remove pieces of dressing reinforcement. They are cut to avoid future injury.

Work on the reinforcing layer

When the planning and preparation stage is over, the time comes when warm facade plaster is applied. In modern realities, this stage often begins with disappointment, as it turns out that the differences on the walls being treated are too great. Although solutions have great strength characteristics, sometimes this is not enough to dispense with the use of reinforcing mesh as a load-bearing base.

The reinforcing layer is technologically designed to withstand loads from its own weight. Manufacturers provide data that their products do not require the provision of reinforcing mesh. In this matter, it is worth additionally monitoring the problem and obtaining expert advice, after which a final decision should be made as to whether the base should be reinforced under the plaster layer.

Advantages and disadvantages of warm plasters

Warm plaster is not ideal for interior construction work. Like any product, it has its pros and cons. Below is a description of the positive and negative features for the general group of thermal insulating plaster mixtures.

Positive traits:

• no deformation changes over time, wear resistance;
• high strength;
• absence of components harmful to health in raw materials;
• resistance to low temperatures;
• high adhesion properties;
• Possibility of application to any type of surface;
• in most cases does not require a reinforcing layer.

The negative properties of the material include two points.

The thermal insulation properties of the material are lower than those of classical insulation materials. To ensure similar properties, it will be necessary to create a layer of solution 1.5-2 times thicker than when insulating with conventional thermal insulation.

Thermal insulating mixture is rarely used as a finishing coating. After drying, it requires final processing with more suitable materials.

Mixture consumption

Plastering walls with the help of hired personnel may be accompanied by unjustified material costs. Control of the production of the mixture by builders is ensured by calculations based on data from manufacturers of thermal insulation material.

Consumption ranges from 10 to 18 kg per square meter. meter. The consumption of warm plaster for external work will reach up to 25 kg per square meter. meter, so a thicker layer must be applied to the external walls.

The numbers may differ from one manufacturer to another, but not to a significant extent. The cost will be higher if the wall surface has too many unevennesses, as well as due to overspending by builders on defects. These points are worth paying attention to.

How to make warm plaster with your own hands

When it is not possible to purchase a ready-made mixture, you should try making it yourself. You can make warm plaster with your own hands in a simple way. It is important to note that for its manufacture it is not enough to simply add granules of insulating raw materials to the cement-sand mixture. A special plasticizer is used.

To make the composition you will need ordinary water, cement, thermal insulation filler (vermiculite) and a plasticizer. PVA glue is used as a plasticizer. The ingredients are mixed in the following proportion: to one part cement, four parts filler. 50 grams of PVA glue per bucket of cement is enough. Add water to the required consistency.

Plastering the surface of the walls with a composition made by yourself takes place in three stages:

1. The plasticizer is diluted in water.
2. Filler is added to the cement. The finished mixture is mixed until smooth.
3. The dry composition is diluted with liquid, and the resulting solution is allowed to stand for 15 minutes.

After completing the preparatory work, the product is ready for use.

Owners of private houses and apartments in high-rise buildings try in any way to retain heat inside the rooms. For this purpose, a variety of materials are chosen as insulation.

More recently, thermal insulation plaster has appeared on the construction market. It is used as the main (if the house is located in a warmer region) or additional insulation.

Warm external plasters contain mineral or organic components that can retain heat in the wall. At the same time, the room cools down much more slowly. Ordinary sand is replaced with foam glass, sawdust, perlite, expanded clay, vermiculite or polystyrene. In addition, the finished plaster mixture contains additional components that extend the service life of the hardened layer and repel water.

Thermal insulating plaster has the following advantages:

1. Fire safety. Almost all components do not burn. If the composition contains sawdust or polystyrene, which can ignite, they are treated with fire retardants.
2. Additional sound insulation. The plaster is applied in a fairly thick layer, which prevents extraneous noise from entering the premises.
3. Resistance to temperature changes.
4. Availability of finishing. The price of warm plaster mixtures is relatively low, and if you make the composition yourself, you can reduce the cost of thermal insulation even more.
5. Ease of arrangement. All finishing work can be done with your own hands, but before you start you need to practice a little on any surface.
6. Light weight. Thanks to the large number of porous additives, even a very thick layer will not create a strong load on the main wall.
7. Can be applied to any substrate.

This arrangement of the thermal insulation layer also has its disadvantages. This is increased moisture absorption. Apply only to those compositions that contain sawdust, perlite and vermiculite. But this flaw can be eliminated if everything is covered on top with water-repellent decorative material. A ventilated facade is best suited.

What does the warm mixture consist of?

In order for heat-insulating plaster for exterior use to have the required characteristics, it must consist of certain components:

• Knitting. For external work, only white Portland cement is used. Other components, such as lime or gypsum, are only suitable for internal insulation of a house. But it’s better not to choose this option.
• Filler is a substance that will not allow heat to escape from the premises.
• Additional substances. Coloring, water-repellent, adding plasticity and strength.

Types of heat-insulating mixtures for plastering

Types of warm plasters are distinguished by filler. Each variety has its own technical characteristics, so before purchasing, you should study them yourself at home, and then go to the store for the required composition.

Sawdust based plaster

This option is easy to do with your own hands. Small sawdust can be purchased for pennies at any sawmill. In addition, you will need cement grade M 500 and some paper. Please note that the sawdust must be thoroughly cleaned. It is advisable to choose the smallest fraction.

The components are mixed in the following ratio: 3 parts sawdust x 1 part cement x 3 parts shredded paper. First, the dry ingredients are mixed, and then water is added in small portions. The result should be a fairly thick mixture.

It can be applied to a wooden surface, but before doing this, shingles (small slats) are filled. This option is also suitable for concrete or brick foundations. But to increase adhesion, you need to moisten the wall with water.

Some workers do not want to work with this composition because they consider it ineffective. But sawdust-based plaster can retain heat very well. The only drawback is the low coefficient of water repulsion. But a hydrophobic decorative coating solves this problem.

Polystyrene as filler

Such façade warm plaster also protects well against heat loss. But several significant disadvantages make this composition dangerous to human life:

1. Polystyrene absorbs a lot of moisture. This has a bad effect not only on the thermal insulation properties. If the moisture accumulated in the insulation freezes, it will begin to destroy the insulating layer.
2. The filler is treated with a fire retardant, so it does not ignite easily. But if such insulation begins to burn, then as a result a lot of acrid and black smoke will be released.

If the first flaw can be corrected, then the second can cause the death of the inhabitants of the house.

Plaster mixture with the addition of foam glass

These are small glass granules with many air bubbles inside. Due to the fact that water cannot wet this substance, such plasters are absolutely not afraid of water. They are perfect for...

Ready-made plaster mixtures are easily applied to the base and do not lose their attractive appearance for a long time, protecting the house from heat loss and precipitation.

Mixtures based on perlite, vermiculite and expanded clay

Such representatives of warm plasters have approximately the same characteristics. These components absorb a lot of moisture. In addition, perlite is also very light. In strong winds, the granules erode from the dry mixture.

All of the above are preferably used for interior work. But you can treat the walls from the outside, but for protection you will have to use a hydrophobic decorative material.

Basic rules for applying warm plaster

To create a layer that will truly protect against loss of warm air, you need to know how to apply plaster correctly.

• Everyone starts, as usual, with the preparatory stage.

1. Removing old decorative coating.
2. Elimination of cracks, chips at corners, any other depressions and bulges.

• Next, plaster beacons are installed. This must be done, since heat-insulating plaster is applied in a layer of 5 cm or more. It is very difficult to control how smoothly a layer of such thickness lies without beacons. You can lay up to 2.5 cm of mixture at a time, so divide all the work into several approaches.
• Now you need to prepare the solution. If you bought a ready-made mixture, then everything needs to be done as indicated in the instructions. If you prepared the mixture yourself, you should first find out the recipe and follow it exactly.
• You can start applying the solution. To do this, use a trowel or spatula.
• Alignment. To complete this stage you need to acquire a rule. It is moved from bottom to top and at the same time from side to side.
• After the first layer has dried, apply the second.
• To finish, use decorative acrylic plaster or any other finishing option that can protect the heat-insulating plaster.

It must be remembered that the key to successful insulation using plaster is the correct weather conditions:

• The air temperature is within +5 - +25 degrees Celsius.
• No wind. Otherwise, debris will stick to the applied layer.
• Air humidity is not higher than 75%.
• The time will come when the sky is covered with clouds.
• It is better to start work after 11 a.m., when the façade is already dry from dew.

Hello, dear readers! Do you think there is such a material that can be both finishing and insulation? There is such a material - it is heat-insulating plaster for external use.

What type of plaster is this, what advantages and disadvantages does it have? Let's figure it out.

Warm plaster for facades is considered an innovative material, which is exactly how manufacturers present it. Indeed, this insulation has appeared on our markets recently, but has already managed to occupy its niche and find both its fans and those who consider warm plaster not a suitable heat insulator for our climate.

Who is right? To answer this question, it is worth carefully studying the properties and composition of the material in question.

Basic properties such as thermal conductivity and vapor permeability depend on the composition. Today, manufacturers offer mixtures that, instead of regular sand, include:

• expanded polystyrene;
• wood production waste;
• vermiculite;
• perlite chips;
• fine-grained expanded clay;
• pumice filler.

The highest thermal insulation qualities are shown by mixtures based on polystyrene foam, they are also the cheapest, and therefore reviews of this type of warm plaster are most often found on the Internet. The indicator of such a gypsum mixture with polystyrene foam filler is 35 W/(m °C), which is considered a good indicator.

Opponents of warm plaster usually point out to its supporters that in order to ensure the thermal insulation required for our climate, it is necessary to apply this insulation in several layers, which ultimately costs much more than originally planned. By the way, the price of warm plaster is far from low, which is also its disadvantage.

Main property

Thermal insulating plaster is an insulation material whose main purpose is to retain heat inside the house. Let's compare its thermal conductivity with other materials. Warm plaster with a layer of 5 mm in thermal conductivity is equal to 2–4 mm of polystyrene foam insulation or double brickwork.

You may have a question, why is warm plaster so capable of retaining heat? How is it different from ordinary plaster? So, heat-insulating plaster has such properties because components that have very low thermal conductivity (foam glass, polystyrene foam granules, etc.) are added to its composition. They are bound with cement or gypsum, and various polymers are also added. All this was mixed and we got warm plaster.

Additional benefits

In addition to energy-saving capabilities, this type of finishing of the facade of the house has a number of other advantages.

Fire safety

Due to the fact that mineral fillers such as perlite, vermiculite, and foam glass are added to the plaster, it can be classified as NG, that is, non-combustible materials. But this does not apply to plaster with polystyrene foam as a filler; it belongs to class G1.

Versatility

In addition to the fact that it functions as a heat insulator, it can also serve as finishing plaster for the facade of your house.

Frost resistance

It can be used in regions with harsh, cold climates, as this material is not afraid of frost and can withstand temperatures down to -60 degrees.

Moisture resistance

Compared to a conventional thermal insulator, such as mineral wool, which absorbs moisture like a sponge, this material repels any liquid from its surface and does not allow moisture to be absorbed inside.

Advantages and disadvantages

The undoubted advantages of warm plaster include its versatility: buying such a mixture means solving two problems at once: insulation and facade finishing.

And also the advantages of this material include:

• high vapor and heat insulation properties;
• high adhesive properties; if the surface is properly prepared, the mixture can cover the facade for more than 10 years;
• possibility of finishing painting the facade in any color;
• ease of application, plaster a small house with an area of ​​150-200 sq. meters, even without experience, you can do it in a few days;
• does not require reinforcement or fastening;
• not susceptible to rodents and insects.

The disadvantages of this insulation include:

• the need to apply a thick layer. Manufacturers claim that 2–2.5 cm is enough, but practice shows that in fact the layer should be 2 times larger - at least 5 cm;
• relatively high price.

One can argue with the last point, because by choosing a warm mixture for the facade, there is no need to purchase fastening elements that are required for insulation in the form of slabs or in rolls, as well as reinforcing mesh and final finishing.

Application

The application of plaster begins with careful preparation of the surface: it must be cleaned, the seams sealed, and the façade must be treated with a primer. After this, you can begin insulation. The technology for applying this type of mixture is no different from applying other solutions. Tools used: grater, spatula and roller.

The heat-insulating plaster mixture is spread onto the wall with a spatula, and rolled out in an even layer with a roller or scraper. If you have no experience working with the material at all, then we recommend using special beacons that are attached to the walls in 1x1 m squares. The beacons will help to apply an even layer, ensuring equal insulation of the entire surface.

Separately, it is necessary to talk about the dilution of the solution, since most plaster mixtures are sold in the form of a dry powder. When diluting the solution, you must strictly follow the manufacturer's instructions. In order to save money, you should not try to dilute the mixture thinner, since the thermal conductivity properties of such a solution may decrease several times. You should also not make a thick mixture; it will not apply well and will lay down in an uneven layer.

Conclusion

Let's summarize: warm plaster for the facade is an excellent option if you want to simultaneously insulate and decorate the house. As an insulation material, this material has more advantages than disadvantages.

That's all, see you soon on the pages of our website.

Warm plaster for interior work is a very unusual and new construction and finishing material for many, which appeared relatively recently on the domestic market. Accordingly, it is quite logical to consider the question of what kind of building mixtures these are - warm plasters - and how to use them.

Composition of warm plaster

Warm plaster for interior work is a dry mixture based on ordinary cement. The difference from the classic solution is the absence of sand in the composition. It can be replaced by any other components:

• Perlite sand.
• Expanded clay chips.
• Powder obtained from pumice.
• Expanded polystyrene granules and other materials.

Varieties of warm plaster

There are several types of warm plaster. Construction mixtures differ in composition, area of ​​application, application method and technical and operational characteristics.

The following three are among the most popular:

Warm plaster with expanded vermiculite

Expanded vermiculite is a lightweight mineral aggregate obtained by heat treatment of vermiculite rock. Warm plaster with the addition of such a component is used mainly for outdoor work. Despite this, it can also be used for interior decoration - it is a universal building material. The advantages of vermiculite warm plaster include excellent antiseptic properties.

Sawdust plaster

Warm plaster for interior use, which is especially popular and is not intended for exterior decoration - the so-called sawdust mixture. It consists of sawdust, particles of cement, clay and often paper. Actually, it is for this reason that it is not used for outdoor work.

This mixture is ideal for application to wood and brick surfaces. The applied layers of plaster should dry only if the room is well ventilated. Complete drying takes about two weeks. In a closed room, fungus and mold can develop on the surface of the plaster.

Plaster with polystyrene foam granules

Another good type of plaster is a mixture with the addition. Its composition, in addition, includes cement, lime, various additives and fillers. It is used mainly for external finishing work, but it can also be used for internal ones.

Plaster with polystyrene foam granules is the most common, unlike the other two types.

Area of ​​application of warm plaster

Today, dry mixtures of this type are used in the following areas:

• Finishing of buildings and their thermal insulation.
• Additional insulation and sound insulation of external and internal walls of buildings.
• When using well masonry, insulate the walls.
• Insulation of sewer drains, hot and cold water supply risers.
• Insulation of window blocks and slopes in places where they adjoin the walls.
• As a heat-insulating and sound-proofing material for interior finishing work.
• Experts advise using warm plaster as a material for insulating floors and ceilings.

Advantages of warm plaster

• Quick application of plaster - in a day of work you can cover a surface of 110-170 square meters. m.
• Does not require the use of reinforcing mesh.
• There is no need to level the walls if warm plaster is used for interior work.
• The mixture has excellent adhesion to any type of surface.
• There is no risk of occurrence since there are no metal bonds.

Flaws

• The mixture does not belong to the category of finishing coatings and requires the application of not only a primer, but also a layer of decorative plaster.
• Unlike cotton wool or polystyrene foam, the thickness of insulation with a warm composition is several times greater.
• Plaster is not used very economically - the price for it, by the way, is not that low.

Where should you use warm plaster?

Based on all the pros and cons of this dry mixture, it is best to use it for the following work:

• Sealing joints and cracks in ceilings and walls of buildings.
• For interior work in the case of additional insulation, for example, when it is impossible to carry out insulation procedures on the outside of the building, a cladding is installed, which will deteriorate when disassembled.
• Finishing window slopes.
• Basement insulation.

Warm plaster application technology

Before applying a dry mixture of this type, the base is prepared in the same way as before applying conventional cement-based plaster. Residues of other materials, dust and dirt are carefully removed. If necessary, the surface can be treated with special compounds or a primer in order to strengthen and improve adhesion.

An important requirement is that before starting work on applying plaster, the base must be thoroughly moistened with water.

Sequencing:

1. The dry mixture is poured into a container prepared in advance with a volume of at least 50 liters.
2. Add clean water in the amount indicated on the plaster packaging.
3. Using a construction mixer, the mass is mixed.
4. The shelf life of the finished mixture is 120 minutes.

Checking the consistency of the resulting mixture is very simple - a small amount of the solution is collected on a trowel, after which the tool is turned over. A well-kneaded mixture should not fall off it. Ready-made plaster can be applied either manually or by machine.

• Warm plaster is applied to the surface of the base using special construction tools in several layers, and the layer thickness should not exceed 2 cm.
• Each subsequent layer is applied 4 hours after the previous one.
• Drying time for each layer may vary depending on air humidity levels.
• Warm plaster is applied using upward movements.
• The applied layer is checked three to four weeks after all work has been completed.
• The full strength of the plaster occurs within one to two months.

Mistakes when applying warm plaster

When carrying out interior finishing work using warm plaster, certain mistakes can often be made, especially if they are not carried out by specialists. As a result, peeling, cracks may appear, or the geometry of the entire room may change due to the applied layer being too thick.

The quality is checked quite simply: for this, a rule strip is applied to the surface. If there are gaps between the tool and the wall, there are geometry violations.

When applying plaster, the most important thing is not to allow deviations from the vertical or horizontal by more than 3 mm.

Dry mixture consumption

Plaster is consumed (the price varies between 200-900 rubles per package) depending on the thickness of the layer: about 10-15 kilograms are consumed per square meter of base.

If the work is carried out by specialists, you will have to pay about $15 extra for their services, not counting the cost of the materials and tools themselves.

Plaster layer thickness

Depending on the thickness of the walls, the material from which they are made, and the climatic zone in which the building is located, the size of the layer of finishing composition also varies. According to standard calculations, 51 cm can be insulated by applying a layer of 8-10 cm of plaster on it. Of course, such a consumption of the mixture is simply huge and irrational, so it is best to use it as an additional material. Unlike classic brick, aerated concrete or ceramic blocks require a much smaller layer of plaster.

The standard thickness of the material recommended by manufacturers is from 2 to 5 cm. Calculating the required amount of the mixture is quite simple; in addition, it is supplied in separate packages weighing 7-10 kilograms. The standard amount of plaster is usually enough to apply a layer of 2-2.5 cm per square meter of surface.

Plaster "Knauf"

Dry mixture "Knauf" is a very expensive finishing material that has good thermal insulation and water-repellent properties. Safe insulation, easy to apply to prepared substrate. Its advantages include vapor permeability, weather resistance, absolute environmental friendliness and additional surface insulation.

Knauf plaster is the best option for interior finishing work.