Security fire safety at various sites is provided by installing special equipment that supports:

• monitoring temperature increases, the appearance of smoke, and the presence of fires;
• turning on light and sound fire warning systems;
• personnel evacuation management;
• extinguishing the fire until the fire brigade arrives.

The latter function is entrusted to automatic fire extinguishing installations (AUPT), which are connected to fire alarm systems, and when fire factors are identified at the site using sensors, they ensure the elimination of fires using various. Thanks to the presence of such autonomous systems It is possible to stop the spread of fire over a large area at the initial stage and simplify the work of firefighters.

Application area

The AUPT system has a wide practical application and can be installed at various sites. It can be:

• production facilities;
• office rooms;
• shops, warehouses, storage bases;
• archives and storage facilities;
• repair shops;
• and data centers;
• garages and parking lots.

The possibility of using AUPT at various facilities is an indisputable confirmation high efficiency, owned by the AUPT system, what is it the best option automatic fire extinguishing, allowing you to effectively combat fires in the initial stages.

Main purposes of installing AUPT

An automatic fire extinguishing installation is a complex of various electronic and mechanical equipment, which provides the ability to neutralize fire at various objects both indoors and outdoors open space. AUPT complexes must ensure the effective implementation of the following tasks:

• autonomous fire extinguishing when it is detected at the facility;
• effective removal of smoke from premises;
• eliminating the fire before it spreads to a large area;
• extinguishing fire before risk appears severe damage equipment located at the facility;
• neutralizing the fire before causing significant damage to material assets stored in the protected premises.

Types and types of AUPT

AUPT are automatic fire extinguishing systems that can use various fire extinguishing agents, providing the ability to extinguish fires various classes. Automatic fire extinguishing systems are of the following types:

• local, surface or volumetric fire extinguishing;
• aggregate or modular design;
• only with automatic or with automatic and additional backup manual start of the fire extinguishing system.

In addition, depending on the substance used to influence fire sources, AUPTs are divided into several more categories. Fire extinguishing systems and their classification include the presence of gas, and.

Water installations

Systems of this type are intended to be used as a fire extinguishing agent. plain water or water with special additives that help quickly neutralize fire. Depending on the design of the sprinklers used, such installations are divided into two types - and.

Water fire extinguishing - sprinkler

Complexes of the first type are used to form a water curtain, as well as to spray water onto vertical surfaces. in rooms with increased fire hazard, when it is necessary to ensure simultaneous irrigation of the entire area of ​​​​the room. Considering that water is completely safe for people, this type of installation will be effective solution as a warehouse fire extinguishing system with personnel present.

For efficient work For such a system, it must have a continuous supply of water, which is subsequently supplied to sprinklers and sprayed over the protected area. The disadvantage of such systems is that they cannot be used at facilities where there are electrified installations and industrial equipment.

Foam fire extinguishing systems

With the help of these automatic fire extinguishing systems, fire extinguishing can be carried out during the combustion of liquid substances, fuel, petroleum products, which are located in tanks located inside or outside the premises. The foam used can be supplied from a foaming source through special sprinklers or formed using special foam generators located in close proximity with a protected area.

The disadvantage of such devices is the difficulty of extinguishing a fire. technological equipment, as well as significant damage that can be caused to material assets when exposed to active foam.

Gas installations

Operating principle of AUPT gas type consists in the fact that fire extinguishing gas is launched into the controlled area through a special spray device, which can effectively fight fire throughout the entire volume of the room. The gas quickly fills the entire volume and allows it to penetrate into inaccessible places where other fire extinguishing agents may not be effective.

According to their design, such systems can be of two types - modular or centralized. In the first case, the fire extinguishing agent is liquefied in a small tank, which is located directly in the protected area. When the system is triggered, it is sprayed into the environment under high pressure, affecting fire sources and neutralizing them. IN centralized systems gas is supplied from a common reservoir through a gas pipeline, the lines of which are laid throughout the entire protected object.

The peculiarity of this method of fighting fire is that the gas does not damage property located in the area of ​​its action, and also requires removal of the consequences of its use - just ventilate the room.

Powder systems

This type of automatic fire extinguishing installation is intended to be used as fire extinguishing agent special powder. Its use makes it possible to effectively localize and neutralize fires that belong to classes A, B and C, as well as in the event of fire in electrified installations and equipment. This type of system can be used to localize and extinguish a fire in a limited area or throughout the entire territory of the protected facility.

A positive factor in the use of such systems is that the powder does not harm the property and equipment it gets on and is easily removed after the fire is extinguished.

Criteria for selecting automatic installation

In order for the fire extinguishing system to be effective and not fail when a fire occurs, you need to choose the right type and equipment used to fight the fire.

Note!

The first factor that you need to pay attention to when choosing the appropriate system is the type of fire extinguishing agent used - it must fully meet the specifics of the object being protected.

The autonomous fire extinguishing system used must provide the ability to extinguish the fire until the critical situation of fire resistance of the structure of the protected object is reached.

So that the fire can be localized before it spreads over a large area and causes extensive damage to the property stored at the facility.

The automatic systems used must be safe both in relation to the personnel who may be at the site, and to the equipment and material assets that are located there.

Taking into account the above requirements, the following factors can be identified that must be taken into account when choosing an automatic fire extinguishing system:

1. the effectiveness of fighting a fire of a certain class, the occurrence of which is most likely for a particular facility;
2. speed of neutralization of fire sources;
3. safety for personnel, stored property and environment;
4. ease of installation of AUPT, maintenance and maintenance in working order.

Conclusion

Thanks to wide choice Using various automatic fire extinguishing systems with different fire extinguishing agents, you can form highly effective fire protection and fire fighting systems at various facilities. Their use will allow the fire to be quickly localized, even before firefighters arrive, eliminating the risk of the fire spreading over a large area and causing enormous material damage. In order for the system to effectively cope with the assigned task, it is important to correctly design the AUPT and correctly calculate the number and type of devices needed.

Fire extinguishing systems belong to important elements, which are designed to provide and maintain the facility at a high level.

Fire extinguishing at a facility is a whole complex of activities, means and methods that are united by one goal - to localize and neutralize the fire as early as possible.

Thanks to the use of such systems, it is possible to protect material assets and protect people from injury and deaths during a fire.

Application area

Fire extinguishing is a set of measures to ensure fire safety at a facility through the use of installations in the form of stationary and mobile technical means, which act on fires with special fire extinguishing agents.

This type of equipment should initially ensure localization of the fire, and then its complete elimination. Fire extinguishing systems are used at many facilities for various purposes.

It can be:

1. industrial premises;
2. warehouse facilities;
3. medical institutions;
4. shopping centers;
5. repair and maintenance facilities
6. educational establishments;
7. places general use etc.

The presence of fire extinguishing systems will allow you to start fighting the fire in a timely manner even before the rescue team arrives. This will minimize material damage from fire and ensure the ability to quickly and safely evacuate personnel from the facility.

Classification of fire extinguishing systems

Can be roughly divided into three main types:

1. – these include those tools and accessories that can be used by personnel to fight a fire at the initial stage. Such means include:

• hand fire extinguishers;
• sand;
• water;

1. Mobile fire fighting equipment is mobile units and transport ensuring fire safety at the facility. These include:

• mobile fire extinguishers;
• motor pumps;
• fire transport.

1. Complex modern systems fire extinguishing systems are stationary installations that are installed at a facility for the purpose of extinguishing fires when they are detected using automatic fire safety controls or when detected by personnel working at the facility.

As for the classification of fire extinguishing systems, they should be divided into the following categories.

According to the mechanism of implementation:

1. manual – systems that require human intervention to complete a certain procedure;
2. , which are independently triggered at the moment when signals from the executive unit are received from fire alarm, monitoring the main indicators of fire occurrence (increase in temperature, appearance of smoke, presence of open fires).

According to the design solution:

• modular fire extinguishing installations - fire fighting systems that include several multifunctional units, collaboration which allows you to effectively fight fire;
• aggregate – fire-fighting complexes, which are common system fire fighting at various types of objects.

By type of fire extinguishing agent used:

1. combined.

According to the method of extinguishing fires:

• superficial;
• local-superficial;
• volumetric;
• locally volumetric.

Classification of fire extinguishing agents

Systems that provide automatic fire extinguishing using the installations listed above can be divided according to the type of extinguishing agent used.

Today the following types of fire extinguishing agents are used:

1. cooling - these substances allow you to reduce the temperature of the source of fire, and thus neutralize the possibility of further combustion (such substances include water, carbon dioxide in the solid state);
2. insulating - with the help of such means the access of air to the source of fire is limited, as a result of which the fire goes out and cannot spread over a large area (this includes bulk substances that do not support combustion, various air-mechanical foams, sheet non-combustible materials);
3. diluents - these substances allow you to dilute the burning medium, which leads to the loss of its combustion properties (such substances include carbon dioxide, water vapor, sprayed water, nitrogen);
4. easily evaporating - this type of fire extinguishing substance takes away energy from the combustion source to evaporate the liquid; this helps to lower the temperature of the combustion area, reduce its activity and subsequent attenuation of the fire source;
5. substances to inhibit chemical combustion reactions - this kind of liquid enters chemical reaction with burning substances and lead to inhibition of the combustion process and its subsequent stop;
6. powdery – various means in the form of non-flammable and chemically active powders allow physical or chemically neutralize the combustion process;
7. combined - these are compositions that consist of several of the substances listed above; The compositions are selected in such a way that their individual components reinforce each other, contributing to the rapid extinguishing of the fire.

Features of choice depending on purpose

The installation of an automatic fire extinguishing system using water as a fire extinguishing agent is intended for those cases where it is necessary to protect premises with a high fire hazard. Installations of this type are divided into deluge and sprinkler systems.

Systems gas fire extinguishing are used in cases where water cannot be used because it may cause short circuit or damage the equipment.

This type of system is mainly used to extinguish live equipment, as well as to eliminate fires in server rooms, data centers, libraries, and museums.

Modular fire extinguishing systems using foam as a substance to act on sources of fire are used to extinguish fires at industrial facilities, in warehouses, at oil depots, as well as for extinguishing vehicles.

All foams used are divided according to expansion indicators - low-expansion, medium-expansion and high-expansion. Most often, medium-expansion foam is used, less often low-expansion foam.

Installation of automatic fire extinguishing systems using powder as a fire extinguishing agent is carried out at those facilities that are distinguished by the presence large quantities electrical equipment that is constantly under high voltage.

Installation features

And the connection of fire extinguishing systems involves the following types of work:

• plumbing;
• electrical;
• welding;
• tuning;
• launchers.

In the process of performing this work you need:

1. install fire notification devices;
2. install fire warning mechanisms;
3. lay lines through which the fire extinguishing agent will be supplied;
4. install and connect devices storing fire extinguishing agents;
5. carry out commissioning and testing work installed system extinguishing the fire.

Conclusion

The fire extinguishing system is a guarantee that property and people are under effective protection from a possible fire.

The presence of such equipment will allow the fire to be quickly extinguished and will simplify the task for the fire services.

To properly protect an object from fire, it is important to choose the right fire extinguishing system and install it correctly.

This can be done by specialists from companies that specialize in the sale and installation of fire extinguishing systems.

Video: Types of automatic fire extinguishing systems

Public, commercial and industrial buildings with a large area and complex layout can be equipped with several types of systems fire safety. As a rule, their joint use is planned at the design stage.

In the event of a fire, fire automatics switches over some functions of the access control system, disabling locking devices and unlocking all doors located on the escape route. The elevators located in the building descend to the first floor and are blocked there with the doors open.

A comprehensive fire safety system for a building may consist of the following subsystems:

• Fire alarm;
• Alerts and ;
• Automatic fire extinguishing;
• Smoke removal and air pressurization (also functions as a ventilation shutdown).

Currently in use following types fire alarm:

Threshold - the simplest and not requiring additional settings. Each detector has a threshold value set at the factory by the manufacturer. The topology of constructing such a system is radial-beam. Up to 30 detectors can be attached to each beam. The installation can determine the presence of a fire in a controlled area, but not its exact location.

The only advantages of this system are the acceptable cost of equipment and further operation;

Flaws:

• Long response time;
• There is no centralized control over the functioning of sensors;
• Uneconomically spent installation materials for laying cable networks.

Targeted survey. Control panel Such a system sends a signal to detectors at certain intervals in order to determine their current status. The following signals are used:

• Norm;
• fire;
• lack of connection to the sensor;
• detector malfunction.

Advantages of an addressable fire alarm system:

• Optimal combination of price and quality;
• Sufficiently high information content of the received signals;
• Ability to control the functioning of fire detectors;

The main disadvantage is that the fire occurs at a fairly late stage of development.

Addressable analogue - currently the most advanced system fire alarm. The main difference from previous systems is that the decision to sound an alarm is made by the central control panel, based on an analysis of the aggregate information from several types of detectors. Which excludes the possibility false alarm. Advantages analogue addressable system fire alarm:

• A ring (loop) structure is used, which significantly saves the amount of cable during installation;
• Scalability - you can expand several control sectors without significant financial investments;
• It is allowed to use a simple two-core wire;
• Availability of service functions:
• Issuing warnings about the need for sensor maintenance (cleaning, replacement);
• Maintaining an electronic log of events;
• Possibility of manual or automatic shutdown some zones;
• Use of more advanced algorithms that prevent most false positives;
• Compatible with most utility systems;

Disadvantages are the rather high cost of the equipment and the complexity of its installation and further operation.

Warning and evacuation system

This installation works in tight integration with the fire alarm system. As a rule, it is aimed at a complex effect - light and sound. carried out using a siren, which transmits a modulated sound signal or text messages. Flashing beacons located along the entire route are used as light signals.

The main design differences in automatic fire extinguishing systems depend on the type of extinguishing agent that is used. The following types are distinguished: automatic installations fire extinguishing

Vodyanoe

Typically consists of a piping system with shut-off valves, a pumping station connected to a centralized fire or domestic water supply network and a reserve water tank. There are deluge installations in which the pipeline is unfilled. Activation of such installations is carried out manually or by command from a fire detector. The main advantage is the ability to use in rooms with negative temperatures. Automatic fire extinguishing sprinkler systems are distinguished by the fact that water arrives directly in the pipeline under pressure. Water spray sprinklers have heat-sensitive locks that are destroyed by temperature external environment. Extinguishing the source of fire is carried out directly in the combustion zone, in contrast to deluge installations that flood the entire controlled area with water.

One of the varieties is dry-filled sprinkler systems for automatic fire extinguishing, in the pipelines of which there is air pressure, which is activated after the destruction of the thermal lock.

Water fire extinguishing installations with finely dispersed water. Modern highly effective fire extinguishing systems are more similar in principle to deluge installations. After activation, water is sprayed through special nozzles throughout the room where they are installed. To increase the effectiveness of fire extinguishing, special chemical reagents are often added to the water.

Foam

Deluge systems can serve as automatic foam fire extinguishing installations. If the difference is that a foaming agent is added to the water tank. There are several gradations of foam expansion, depending on its density, which can be used to eliminate fires of liquid flammable substances or electrical installations.

The operating principle is as follows. Foam, being lighter than water and most liquid flammable substances, spreads over their surface, preventing the access of oxygen to the combustion zone.

Gas

Gas fire extinguishing systems are separate modules connected electric cable. Activation is carried out from the control panel after the evacuation of personnel. Yes effective use it is necessary that the room has a certain level tightness. It is used primarily to extinguish fires in server rooms, data centers, libraries and archives, storerooms, museums or art galleries. The main advantage is the impossibility of causing material damage by fire extinguishing means and the ability to extinguish fire in operating electrical installations. powder have different characteristics fire extinguishing agent that can be used to extinguish fires in premises of any type. The widespread distribution of powder automatic fire extinguishing systems is hampered by the following factors:

1. Low penetrating ability of the powder;
2. Difficulty breathing and reduced visibility in the fire extinguishing zone;
3. It is very labor-intensive to clean up after the fire has been extinguished.

Aerosol

Mainly used as individual elements or elements combined into one structural network. It is recommended to use as autonomous fire extinguishing systems in cottages, country houses, dachas.

They can be used not only permanently indoors, but also in transport in the engine compartments of railway trains, sea vessels or large cars.

Smoke removal units

They are divided according to the method of functioning. Passive installations consist of partitions mounted to block ventilation ducts. Active smoke removal systems use special electric motors and exhaust hoods to study indoor smoke and reduce oxygen concentrations. Moreover, for this they can be used as their own ventilation shafts, and the duct of the ventilation and air conditioning system.

According to current fire safety regulations, in many warehouse and industrial type, office buildings and various institutions must be protected with the help of auth. Therefore, a detailed decoding of the auth is required. These are automatic fire extinguishing systems that are triggered when the fire exceeds the standard values ​​in the protected area. Automatic installations perform functions. They can be activated automatically or manually.

Automatic installation of water fire extinguishing in a warehouse

Any objects can be equipped with automatic fire extinguishing installations when personnel are located in protected objects or it is impossible to extinguish the fire using primary means.

AUPT should ensure the achievement of the following goals:

• elimination of fire at the facility until critical indicators of fire resistance of structures appear;
• extinguishing a fire at the facility before critical indicators appear hazardous factors fire;
• elimination of fire at the facility before there is a risk of destruction of process equipment;
• extinguishing a fire at the facility before causing maximum damage to property.

The type of fire extinguishing agent, the method of its supply and the type of extinguishing agent are established based on the space-planning decisions of the facility, the type of combustible material and the characteristics of the environment. Often, fires can appear in hard-to-reach areas for the delivery of foam and dispersed fire extinguishing agents, which are supplied using stationary installations with the appearance of “shadow” areas. Therefore, stationary installations only provide localization of the source of fire. There is other equipment designed to localize a fire (these are automatic fire-stopping doors and shutters, water curtains, etc.). Therefore, it is additionally recommended to use it in the elimination of localized fires for operational fire departments.

Varieties of aupt

Many of us wonder: What is the auth system? There are many types of automatic fire extinguishing systems. These include gas, powder and water AUPT.

The use of a certain type of equipment depends on the volume or area of ​​the room, type fire load, type of protected devices, possibility of replenishment, use and storage of fire extinguishing agent.

Water installations

The extinguishing agent used is water, which may include additives. They are often used in the superficial elimination of fires in hotels, department stores, warehouses, etc. The main advantage of such systems is safety for humans. Effective way extinguishing a fire is considered to be extinguishing with water because of its reliability, safety and low cost.

Depending on the type of sprinkler, installations can be sprinkler or deluge. But all systems have many disadvantages:

• significant consumption of water for extinguishing;
• the need to create capital facilities (reservoirs for backup water storage, drainage and pumping stations, drainage, water feeder);
• the risk of damage to material assets and premises during flooding;
• expensive maintenance and complex equipment regulations;
• power supply demand.

Fire extinguishing with the help of mist water, when the fire is extinguished by droplets with a diameter of up to 100 microns. In conventional fire installations, the diameter of droplets during fire extinguishing is 0.4-2 mm, where 30% is spent on extinguishing, and the rest is spilled. And when using finely sprayed water, the source of fire is reliably extinguished with insignificant consumption of fire extinguishing agent for 10-60 s.

Sprinkler installations

They are a pipeline system filled with a fire extinguishing solution. They are equipped with special nozzles (sprinklers), which open at the beginning of a fire and supply a fire extinguishing agent. Fire extinguishing with such installations begins regardless of the presence of people in the room.

Sprinkler fire extinguishing in office premises

The design is a pipeline network with sprinklers installed under the ceilings of premises (restaurants, warehouses, sales areas, etc.), where the nozzles are opened at elevated temperatures. On large areas sprinkler installations are divided into sections, each of which is served by an individual control and alarm valve.

Deluge installations

These are automated water fire extinguishing systems installed at sites with high fire hazard. The equipment design consists of a supply pipe with water or an aqueous solution, deluge sprinklers and valves. The system can be activated by a dry sprinkler system, a wet sprinkler system or a fire alarm. Deluge installations are designed to protect the most explosive and fire-hazardous places where fire spreads quickly (facilities for the production and storage of flammable substances, nuclear and hydropower plants, painting booths, etc.). The equipment can also be used as deluge curtains, cutting off rooms with fire from other objects (openings and atriums in shopping and hotel complexes) with a wall of fire extinguishing composition.

Foam AUPT

Automatic foam installations are mainly intended for extinguishing flammable and highly flammable compounds in containers, oil products that are located outside or inside buildings.

Foam fire extinguishing in fire hazardous production conditions

Deluge equipment foam type used in the protection of local areas of objects, transformers, electrical devices. Deluge and sprinkler installations for foam and water extinguishing have a similar design and purpose. A feature of the foam-type fire extinguishing system is the presence of a container with a foaming agent and dosing devices with separate storage of the ingredients of the fire extinguishing composition.

Powder plants

They are used to automatically detect a fire, transmit information about it to the operator, localize and extinguish the fire.

The operating principle of the installations is as follows: a finely dispersed powder composition is supplied to the combustion area. The following fire extinguishing methods are distinguished: local by volume, volumetric and local by area.

According to fire safety standards, powder extinguishing installations are intended to equip administrative, public, warehouse and industrial facilities, electrical and technological installations. The powder has minimal effect on the protected materials and equipment.

Local fire extinguishing using a powder installation

Equipment according to control method is divided into:

• autonomous installations that perform their functions of detecting fires and supplying extinguishing agent regardless of external control and power sources;
• automatic installations that detect a fire from a signal that is received to start the automatic fire control system;
• manual start installations. The signal to start the fire alarm is made manually from the fire station.

For storing fire extinguishing agents, powder fire extinguishing equipment is of a modular type and has centralized storage.

Gas installations

They are used to detect fires in the area under study, notify about a fire and supply fire extinguishing gas. Installations with gas extinguishing can perform their functions in any area of ​​the room. Compared to other types of extinguishing, corrosion does not appear on the protected equipment, and the consequences of their use are eliminated through ventilation. Also, gas auts are resistant to low and high temperatures.

Gas automatic fire extinguishing systems can be used in warehouses, in rooms with computers, for television, switching and technological equipment, in gas pumping stations, sea vessels, oil loading complexes, in explosive environments, archives, and cash storage facilities.

To the merits gas installations include safety for the ozone layer and humans, extinguishing the entire volume of the room, absence greenhouse effect and pressure drops, absence of toxic and corrosive components, prompt extinguishing, budgetary cylinder refilling, etc.

Effect of settings gas extinguishing fires is based on a decrease in oxygen concentration when non-flammable gas is added to the reaction area.

Using liquefied gases, they are released from a cylinder at a reduced temperature. Gas AUPTs create a protective environment in a specific volume. Volumetric or local-volumetric fire extinguishing is carried out when the room is filled with a certain volume of fire extinguishing agent. But such installations will be ineffective in eliminating the ignition of materials that burn without air, smolder or are susceptible to spontaneous combustion (grass meal, cotton, sawdust), potassium powders, sodium, titanium, magnesium, etc.

In accordance with the approved Safety Rules, approved by government decree and the “Model Rules of Fire Extinguishing Fire Control”, automatic fire extinguishing installations should be regularly examined, serviceability monitored, breakdowns eliminated and its components and components regularly upgraded.

Maintenance of fire extinguishing installations

In each company with an automatic fire control system, the manager appoints a person responsible for performing maintenance of the installation. Such a person must be trained and have a certificate.

AUPT maintenance includes the following operations:

• monitoring technical condition and ensuring proper operation of the system;
• carrying out test runs of the system in accordance with the operating instructions and Rules;
• recording of all indicators and characteristics identified during trial runs in inspection reports and special journals;
• organization of extraordinary checks and launches after an unscheduled and current repairs, recording data in the log. Control of the quality and volume of fire extinguishing agent used;
• definition limit state installations through tests, checks, inspections;
• development of measures related to the modernization and improvement of AUPT;
• maintaining documentation and checking with the participation of a fire inspector.

Requirements for automatic fire extinguishing installations

In accordance with regulations, all parts and components of installations must have a certain color:

• green – pipes filled with water and in full readiness;
• red – locking fire mechanisms, manual start buttons;
• blue – pipes filled with air, in a state of readiness;
• brown – pipes with carbon dioxide and nitrogen.

After refurbishment, before operation, the installation is tested in standby mode for 3 days. The station must be closed and the emergency lighting must be in working order.

In rooms with automatic fire protection devices there must be instructions for operating personnel describing clear and detailed information about actions in the event of a fire or erroneous start-up of the equipment.

Automatic fire extinguishing installations include tanks and cylinders that must be filled. If a decrease in pressure or weight of tanks and cylinders by 10% is detected, then they are recharged or recharged.

Hello! Today we will talk about fire extinguishing systems, what types of systems there are, on what principle they work and what is their difference.

What is fire extinguishing?

Automatic fire extinguishing installation(AUPT) is designed to extinguish a fire in one way or another, depending on the type of system.

can work as in automatic mode, and manually.

In automatic mode, the fire extinguishing system is triggered by

giving a fire alarm signal. That is, it detects the location of the fire and sends a signal to the fire extinguishing system and the extinguishing process occurs.

The question arises: what about the people inside who have not yet managed to leave the dangerous territory in time? After all, they can be doused with water or covered with powder, or, even worse, doused with gas. But no need to worry here! After receiving a signal from the fire alarm fire extinguishing system will not immediately begin to extinguish the fire, because costs time delay.

This is so that everyone has time to leave the premises. Moreover, some fire extinguishing systems only start when the doors are closed. Magnetic contact sensors are installed on the doors, which let the system know that the doors are closed.

In manual mode, you can force the system to start. For example, if you only saw the very beginning of the fire, when the alarm system had not yet had time to work.

What types of fire extinguishing are there?

by type it is divided into 3 main types - powder fire extinguishing, sprinkler (water) fire extinguishing and gas fire extinguishing.

Powder fire extinguishing extinguishes fire using modules containing special powder. The modules explode and the powder scatters, putting out the fire. This type of system is one of the most affordable, but it cannot be installed in every room. This is determined by the category of premises; depending on the category of premises, according to fire safety standards, a certain type of automatic fire extinguishing system is installed.

sprinkler(water) firefighting extinguishes fires using water. Through the pipes under high pressure Water is supplied and a fine spray extinguishes the fire. Such a fire extinguishing system will cost much more than a powder one.

Gas fire extinguishing suppresses fire by displacing oxygen with non-flammable gas. And, as we know, fire goes out without oxygen. The gas fire extinguishing system is installed mainly in small spaces, because gas equipment quite expensive. And if it is not possible to install another type of fire extinguishing system, for example, it is impossible to install it in a server room water fire extinguishing, because all computers/servers with important information will break.

It should be noted that if the powder module there will be no opportunity to use it again. Therefore, you will need to buy and install a new module. And here gas module can be refilled. But, in any case, property that a fire extinguishing system can save from damage and death can cost several times or tens of times more than the cost of the fire extinguishing system itself. AUPT.

For the first acquaintance with fire fighting, I think there is enough information. I will tell you more about each system later.

Write comments, ask questions - I will be happy to answer what I can).