The main element of a gas boiler is the burner. It is around it that all other elements are displayed. Many aspects of the use of the equipment depend on the design of the node. First of all, it is safety and efficiency. Therefore, many people want to make a gas burner for the boiler with their own hands, which will meet all the requirements of the owners. At first glance, this may seem like a complicated process, but in reality it is not.

Types of burners

Many people believe that a burner is simply a nozzle through which gas is supplied. But it is not so. It also mixes air into the fuel. It is important to consider that the product must have a special design that makes the mixture stable.

The device can be of several types, depending on the method of adding oxygen to the gas:

• atmospheric burner;
• ventilator;
• diffusion-kinetic.

Atmospheric

The operating principle of this component is simple: gas passes through an ejector, where its pressure is reduced. In this case, air gets inside due to different atmospheric conditions.

These devices have many advantages:

• simple design;
• compactness;
• quiet operation;
• reasonable cost;
• the possibility of converting a solid fuel boiler for this equipment - the burner is simply installed in the ash pan chamber.

However, such devices cannot have high power. The fact is that, due to their design, atmospheric heating pads cannot draw in large amounts of oxygen.

Fan

In this type of device, air is supplied in the required quantity through a fan. Due to this supply of oxygen, they have many advantages:

1. There are no restrictions on power - any amount of gas is provided with the required amount of air, which is needed for complete combustion without residues.
2. The chamber in which the reaction takes place may be closed. Oxygen enters inside through a special air duct. This allows you to completely prevent combustion products from entering the house due to reverse draft. There is no need to install a separate air duct. For this, special coaxial chimneys are used, which in fact are a pipe located inside another. The smoke is discharged through the internal element, and oxygen enters the boiler, passing between the internal and external walls.
3. Human participation during use is minimized, since the equipment has a “smart” configuration function.

This type of burner also has a number of disadvantages:

1. Compared to atmospheric ones, they are noticeably louder.
2. They have a high price.
3. They only work in conjunction with electricity - they must have their own uninterruptible power supply. Otherwise, they may fail due to voltage drop.

Diffusion-kinetic

Basically, such equipment is found in large industrial heaters. The operating principle is based on both atmospheric and fan heating.

DIY gas burner

Since designing a fan type requires special equipment, let’s consider creating a gas burner for a solid fuel boiler with your own hands. For this, it is best to choose a valve from an oxygen cylinder, standard VK-74. To do this you need:

1. The outlet pipe is additionally equipped with a fitting, which can be connected to the reactor using a hose.
2. A cap with a small hole for connection to the nozzle is installed on the inlet side of the pipe connected to the cylinder. The latter can be taken from a blowtorch or stove.
3. A steel pipe with a length of 100 mm and a wall thickness of 2 mm is welded to the cap.
4. It is imperative to ensure that there is a gap of 15 mm between the cap and the nozzle, through which oxygen will flow. That is why you must first attach three small pieces of wire to the first one (they can then be bent to the desired location), and only then the pipe.
5. The burner itself is ready. After this, you need to make a base on which it will be located for installation in the combustion chamber.

In addition to creating the burner itself, it is also important to follow the process of lighting it:

1. The gas supply valve on the cylinder or line opens.
2. A match is brought to the nozzle.
3. The main valve opens.

Important! The power of the device can be adjusted using a valve. The hottest flame is green-blue.

The whole setup consists of placing the torch in the center. To do this, the wire holders are slightly bent.

Features of use

Gas burners are unpretentious in maintenance. The main feature is annual cleaning. In this case, the procedure should only be carried out by highly qualified specialists, since this requires disassembling the boiler. Most often, burner cleaning is carried out by a service center.

Dirt can be easily removed using compressed air. It is important to set the appropriate pressure. The fact is that some modern parts may not withstand a flow of 10 atm.

To make the cleaning process faster and less frequently required, a special filter is installed on the gas supply. This is done by the master after submitting an application to the appropriate structure.

Well, despite the fact that a gas burner in a heating boiler seems like a very complex engineering unit, you can still make it yourself without any problems. To do this, you need to prepare all the necessary materials and have the skills to work with metal. In addition, you must have several units of special tools.

Heating appliances are an indispensable attribute of comfortable living in all countries with cold climates. In all of them, without exception. What can we say about Russia, where winters are so severe that a heating system is mandatory in every home. And the most important element of such systems are gas heating boilers.

The boilers themselves consist of many elements, but in order for them all to be in working order, gas burners are needed. Only they will be able to heat the working fluid to such a temperature that the house will actually be warm. So, today we will talk about what gas burners for boilers are, why they are needed and what types they are.

Gas burner - the heart of heating equipment

Heating a house with gas is quite profitable, since it (gas) has significant advantages over coal or wood. But in order for the heating system to be effective, it is necessary to correctly organize the procedure for combustion of fuel in the boiler. And modern burner models provide boilers with an almost perfectly accurate mixture of air and fuel, in which the gas is burned entirely.

Quite often, especially when old areas are being gasified, many people wonder which burner is best for their boiler, how to choose it correctly for an appliance that is intended exclusively for solid fuel. But most of the modern models are of very high quality, thanks to which you can not only maintain the optimal temperature, but also regulate the flame power.

Note! Roughly speaking, a gas burner is a device in which oxygen is mixed with gas, after which the resulting mixture is burned and a stable torch is formed. It is characterized by a simple design, works flawlessly, and the startup procedure takes just a few seconds.

What is typical is that recently burners have been used not only in individual heating devices, but also in production. And this is explained not so much by the excellent properties of gas, but by its cheapness.

Video - How a gas burner works

Basic requirements for gas burners

Gas burners for boilers should, first of all, be durable and easy to install; during operation, they should not make more noise than required by sanitary and hygienic standards, and if it is possible to operate on several types of fuel, then they should also be able to quickly switch from one to another . Moreover, modern trends require that when the burner operates, only low-toxic smoky gases are released, although, in principle, this applies to all types of fuel. What is low toxicity? It's simple - it's low in carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxide.

All the requirements mentioned above depend mainly on the way in which the oxygen is mixed with the gas. And so we gradually approach the classification of burners according to the mixing method. Let's look at this in more detail.

Read also, main gas boilers

Main types of gas burners

All burners are divided into two types according to the method of mixing air with fuel:

1. atmospheric;
2. ventilators

Let's take a closer look at each type.

Atmospheric burners

The operating principle of atmospheric burners is extremely simple: gaseous fuel enters through an ejector, drawing oxygen from the surrounding space, then is fed into the combustion chamber through a special hole, where, in fact, ignition occurs. In fact, they work almost the same as hearth models for industrial use. When fuel is burned, small torches appear above special holes, the combustion temperature of which is quite low. Despite its simplicity, this design is very reliable, thanks to which it can be used in boilers of all types - from expensive to budget models.

Those gas burners that are made by hand today also operate on the principle of ejector mixing. If remodeling existing equipment is not part of your plans, then atmospheric burners are the most suitable option. To install such a device, you just need to remove the ash pan and install the burner itself in its chamber. In this case, an automatic system is installed on the external part, which will shut off the gas supply in case of attenuation.

And if we compare these burners with the fan burners described below, the advantages of the former are obvious:

1. reliability;
2. compactness;
3. low noise performance;
4. safety;
5. simplicity of design.

Fan burners

Fan-type gas burners operate on a slightly different principle: in this case, oxygen is supplied forcibly, and its volumes are quite accurately controlled. In most cases, they are used in boilers with closed combustion chambers operating with pressurization. In such models, fuel is mixed with oxygen at the outlet.

Fan burners (they are also called forced-air burners) are used in boiler equipment where there is a high level of automation, and human participation in the process is almost completely eliminated.

It is also worth noting that such devices are usually characterized by a block design. In such cases, there is a gas multiblock, which consists of:

1. gas filter;
2. pressure regulator;
3. a relay that is necessary to turn off the device in the event of a decrease in pressure and forced ignition in the event of its resumption;
4. fuel consumption regulator;
5. gearbox

Note! More modern multiblocks also include a relay that controls the operation of the fan. If the electric motor stops, the relay turns off the burner.

Such gas burners for boilers are energy-dependent, so it is recommended that they be additionally equipped with a constant power source. There is no need to adjust the burner in the boiler, since there is a servo drive that controls the position of the air damper (it is necessary to regulate the amount of oxygen used for combustion).

Everything we just said refers to the advantages of fan devices, but there are also disadvantages. So, to install them, the boilers are completely rebuilt. Moreover, in solid fuel devices (such as “Don”) it is better not to install it at all, since all the upgrades regarding flame modulation will still not bring results (read: savings), because the heat exchanger will be poorly insulated and ineffective.

What to look for when choosing a burner?

If there is a need to replace heating boiler components, then it is necessary to take into account not only its functional features, but also the recommendations of the manufacturer. The most important thing is the power of the heat generator, and this is what you should start from when choosing a gas burner.

All boilers are divided by manufacturers according to several parameters, such as:

1. power;
2. range;
3. regulation method.

Note! For each specific model, all three parameters correspond to certain values ​​that must be taken into account during the purchase.

Let's start with the most important thing - power. In any case, it should exceed the power of the combustion chamber of your device, and quite a lot. This will directly affect the adjustment range of this parameter in the future.

According to the method of adjusting the power of gas burners for boilers, they can be as follows:

1. single-stage;
2. two-stage;
3. smooth two-stage;
4. with modulating adjustment.

If we are talking about individual heating boilers, then you can use any of the above options. It is also worth noting that, depending on the characteristics of the gas mixture flow, burners can be divided into:

1. twisted;
2. straight-through.

In the case of a swirling type of torch, the air flow is more powerful. Subsequently, this flow combines with gas and forms a diffusion flame, which ensures a stable temperature in the system.

About manufacturers and costs

On the modern market, the range of gas equipment is truly huge. Equipment from both domestic and foreign manufacturers is presented here. But, of course, European products are still more popular, in particular from:

1. Great Britain;
2. Germany;
3. Italy.

Gas burner Weishaupt Monarch WM-G 20

Gas burners from these countries are compatible with many domestic boilers, in particular Lemax and Kolvi. As for the cost, it depends on a number of factors, including:

1. brand;
2. characteristics of a specific model;
3. her type.

Prices vary widely - from 16 to 90 thousand rubles. It is for this reason that before purchasing, you should read the recommendations not only from manufacturers, but also from experienced specialists, and only then make a decision in favor of one option or another.

Service Features

Regardless of type or origin, any gas burner requires special attention. Cleaning it is quite simple - it does not take much time and effort. But before you start cleaning, the burner itself, of course, will have to be removed. Some experts advise using compressed air for this, then we will note that modern burner models are designed for gas pressure in the working gas pipeline, that is, for 0.15 bar. And increased pressure, which reaches 8-10 bar, can simply lead to equipment malfunction.

As a conclusion

The durability and efficiency of the heating device largely depends on the correct choice. And the gas burner is the most important structural element for the boiler, since it not only provides the required quality of gas combustion or power regulation, but can also significantly damage the combustion chamber if the geometry of the torch is not taken into account.

Good luck and warm winters!

The heart of any gas boiler is a burner with a heat exchanger installed above it. The burner burns gas fuel, generating heat. In turn, the heat is absorbed by the heat exchanger and sent to the heating system. The current review will be devoted to the burners.

We will tell you what a gas burner is for a solid fuel boiler, and also give information about the types of burners for gas boilers.

What is a gas burner

The gas burner is one of the most important components of any boiler. She is responsible for creating a stable flame. This is where the supplied fuel is burned. The resulting heat rises upward to the heat exchanger, where it is almost completely transferred into the coolant. Combustion products, along with residual heat, are removed into the atmosphere in one way or another.

The design of a gas burner for a boiler is extremely simple - it includes several main components:

The low emission of nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide during combustion makes the boiler almost flawless in environmental terms.

• Nozzle - gas is released from here;
• Ignition system – provides gas ignition;
• Automation system – controls the temperature;
• Flame sensor – monitors the presence of fire.

To put it simply, this is exactly what it looks like. You will find out a little later how these or other types of gas burners differ from each other in different boiler models.

A modern gas burner for a heating boiler is a device that has certain requirements. First of all, quiet operation is important. I immediately remember some models of Soviet instantaneous water heaters, where the flame roared with the force of a hurricane. Modern samples burn relatively quietly (attention is also paid to quiet ignition, without pops or explosions). The design of the combustion chambers has an additional influence on the noise level.

Long service life - if you remember the old gas units, they served for quite a long time (in those days everything was made to last). Today, such technologies no longer exist, so burners in boilers often break down. There is only one way out - to buy units from trusted brands that use components of normal quality. As for any Chinese junk from unknown manufacturers, everything is obvious here - it’s not worth taking.

The same applies to cheap Russian-made boilers - they often have short-lived burners installed.

Complete combustion of gas is another important requirement. A burner for a gas boiler must burn fuel completely, with minimal release of carbon monoxide and other related components. However, everything here depends not only on it - the quality of combustion is also influenced by other components. We must not forget about proper gas removal, for which you need to have a clean chimney with good draft at your disposal.

As for the operating principle of the gas burner, it is simple:

In the burner, the burned gas is combined with air. At high temperatures, a chemical reaction occurs to form carbon dioxide and water.

• The boiler detects a discrepancy between the temperature in the heating circuit and the parameters specified by the users;
• The gas valve opens and gas begins to flow into the burner;
• At the same time, the ignition system is activated;
• The gas is ignited and a flame is formed.

At the same time, the flame presence control begins to work - if the fire suddenly goes out, the automation will shut off the supply of blue fuel. As soon as the temperature in the heating system reaches the specified limit, the gas supply will be shut off.

The implementation of flame presence control is implemented in gas burners in different ways. Somewhere there is a simple thermoelement, and advanced boilers with electronic-based automation are equipped with ionization control systems.

Classification of gas burners

For a long time, the market was dominated by the simplest boilers, devoid of complex electronics and advanced automation. They needed full-fledged chimneys and had to be installed in rooms with good ventilation. Today there are units on sale that can be used in almost any conditions. Traditional models are also sold along with them. They all differ in the design of gas burners.

Atmospheric gas burners

The use of atmospheric gas burners greatly simplifies the design of heating equipment. They work due to the natural flow of oxygen, and full-fledged chimneys are used to remove combustion products. Since oxygen is taken from the room, it must have good ventilation. Let's look at the main advantages of atmospheric boilers:

• Simplicity of design - has a direct impact on the cost of equipment;
• Low noise level - there are no additional fans, only the flame hums;
• Higher reliability - a completely understandable pattern comes into play here: equipment with a minimum of parts breaks down much less and less often;
• Energy independence - thanks to this, the equipment can operate in buildings where there is no electrification.

There are also some disadvantages:

• Not the highest efficiency - you have to put up with this drawback. More advanced gas boilers with closed burners are more economical and efficient;
• The need for a full-fledged chimney opening onto the roof - in houses under construction this is an additional expense;
• Installation of a boiler with an atmospheric gas burner must be carried out in a specially designated room where there is ventilation and a window - sometimes it is problematic to follow these requirements.

It is also necessary to note the possibility of incomplete combustion of gas fuel.

"Turbocharged" burners

We have come close to the most modern heating equipment, equipped with closed-type gas burners. Such boilers are often called “turbocharged”. They are equipped with compact chimneys, often extending directly beyond the opposite wall. This is very convenient, especially when the building is under construction - there is no need to worry about arranging the chimney and ventilation ducts.

A heating boiler with a closed combustion chamber is a heating unit in which the gas burner is enclosed in a special chamber. Oxygen comes here from the outside, through a special coaxial chimney. Combustion products are removed through it. All flows are controlled by a powerful fan with automatically controlled speed. If desired, a “turbocharged” boiler can be mounted in a completely sealed room, devoid of ventilation and windows.

A coaxial chimney is a kind of “pipe-in-pipe” design. It serves to take in outside air and remove combustion products. Such a chimney is installed at an arbitrary point on the nearest wall, but no closer than half a meter to the nearest windows (more stringent requirements may be imposed).

Advantages of gas boilers with closed burners:

• Possibility of installation in any room - in kitchens, basements, bathrooms (even in the bedroom);
• Increased safety - the gas burns in an isolated chamber. Even if it goes out and the automation does not respond to this, the gas-air mixture will be removed outside the apartment/house;
• Increased efficiency - gas boilers with closed burners are indeed more efficient, but this does not apply to all models;
• More efficient temperature control - for this purpose, a fan shaft speed control system is used;
• High environmental cleanliness - fuel burns almost completely.

Unfortunately, there are some drawbacks:

Increased safety and increased efficiency will come at the cost of high noise levels and increased maintenance bills.

• Increased complexity - gas burners for heating boilers have a more complex design, which makes repair work difficult;
• Slightly reduced reliability - the more parts, the lower the reliability of the system (the cheapest samples and Chinese models especially often fail);
• High price - in order to buy a “turbocharged” boiler, you will have to shell out a round sum (they cost 10-15% more than their atmospheric counterparts);
• Increased noise level - the fan installed in the system makes a hum (the noise level depends on the specific model);
• Lack of energy independence - when the lights are turned off, the equipment will stop working. The problem is solved by installing an uninterruptible power supply.

Despite this, the use of these boilers for heating houses and apartments is becoming a definite trend.

So-called condensing boilers are equipped with closed-type burners, which are characterized by increased efficiency due to the extraction of heat from combustion products.

Other differences

Let's consider the division of gas burners by type of ignition. The simplest option is with a burning igniter (wick). When the automation is triggered, the wick ignites the gas and the boiler begins to heat the coolant. There are two disadvantages here - increased gas consumption and low safety (the igniter may go out). Primary ignition is carried out with matches or using a piezoelectric element that produces a spark.

Natural gas from the mains provides even combustion without forming excessive soot on the walls of the chimney pipe.

Electronic ignition of the burner requires the presence of a high-voltage converter in the gas boiler. Energy is taken from batteries or the electrical network. The first option is used in non-volatile boilers that do not have electronic automation. The second option is relevant for complex units with electronics on board. Along with such ignition, modules for ionization control of the presence of flame are often installed.

There is also a division according to the type of fuel used. Natural gas supplied from the pipeline is cleaner, it is supplied at optimal pressure (we do not consider cases of pressure surges in both directions). The flame in the boiler is clean, without soot. The equipment is connected to the network without modifications. There are burners that can operate on propane - this requires setting up the system and installing a jet. The flame from propane combustion gives off a yellow color, and there is increased soot deposits on the chimney.

Jets allow you to normalize propane pressure to an acceptable value - they are supplied as a set or purchased separately.

Gas burners for universal boilers

A gas burner for a solid fuel heating boiler is a rather complex unit. It was created to convert heating equipment from one type of fuel to another. That is, you can purchase a solid fuel (universal) unit for working with wood, and when a gas main appears, transfer it to working with natural gas.

It is best to entrust the maintenance of even the simplest gas burner to a specialist - the services of a specialist will be cheaper than buying a new unit.

An automatic gas burner for a solid fuel boiler is built using a fan circuit. Gas is supplied here, mixed with air, after which the finished fuel-air mixture is sent to the nozzle. Here it is ignited, forming a high-temperature flame. On board the burner there is a powerful fan, an automation system, a reducer and a gas filter. The unit requires electricity to operate. The product itself has a modular design (removable).

A typical example is a gas burner for a Cooper boiler. The boiler itself is pellet, but you can connect a replaceable burner to it and switch it to natural or liquefied gas.

Homemade units

Some craftsmen make gas burners for boilers with their own hands (for solid fuel boilers). Please be warned that this is not safe. And no one will allow you to connect such a structure to the gas main. Most often, such “crafts” are made on the basis of some gas units that have spent their time. Remember that a homemade gas burner for heating your home is far from the best option. It is best to purchase the simplest gas non-volatile boiler and convert it to bottled gas.

Video

The main working unit of almost any gas boiler is a gas burner for heating, which ensures both the preparation of the air-fuel mixture and its supply to the combustion chamber, as well as the formation of a stable fire. The gas burner itself determines the reliability and efficiency of the gas boiler. For this reason, you should carefully approach the issue of choosing the type of burner design and its features. This article will discuss the design of burners, classification, their types, as well as the maintenance process.

To ensure the process of maximum combustion of natural gas and maximum heat transfer, it is necessary to ensure its mixing with a sufficient volume of air with a normal amount of oxygen, which acts as an oxidizer. At the exit, the mixture of fuel from air and gas should burn with an almost colorless fire, having a bluish tint and characterized by a maximum temperature. Based on their design features, gas burners differ in the method of supplying air and gas, forming a flame, and mixing components.

In a set of household heating boilers, only 2 types of gas burners are mainly used in accordance with the method of preparing the fuel mixture:

1. fan (inflatable);
2. atmospheric.

In addition to those listed, there are also regenerative, injection, recuperative, injection, with preliminary partial or complete mixing, but they are in demand mainly in process equipment and industrial boilers. Inflatable and atmospheric types are usually improved using certain aspects that are characteristic of other types of structures, however, the principle of operation remains unchanged.

Atmospheric burner

The operating principle of this type of burner is quite simple. The fuel enters the burner through the gas pipe. The unit has an ejector (slot) controlled by a special flap or a clamping nut. Through the slot, air enters the burner along with the fuel. This is how a mixture of gas and air is formed. By opening the slot more, you can increase the oxygen supply, and by closing it, you can reduce it accordingly. We can say that in this simple way, the heating burner provides a process of regulation according to the degree of fuel combustion. After this, the mixture of gas and air enters the combustion chamber, where the combustion process takes place.

The number of holes depends on the parameters of the combustion chamber, as well as the shape of the burner itself. The most important thing is that the small torches emerging from the holes do not create a lot of pressure, for this reason the fuel burns efficiently and evenly. The greater the pressure, the greater the likelihood of decreased performance. For this reason, manufacturers strive to increase the number of holes by reducing their size.

Important!!! Such gas burners for heating furnaces are similar in operating principle to devices used in industrial hearth equipment.

Most experts claim that this design is quite simple and effective, with a high degree of reliability. Therefore, it is often used both in low-cost gas equipment models and in expensive units. Most home craftsmen who create gas equipment make gas burners for heating boilers with their own hands of the atmospheric type. And there is only one reason - the low cost of the unit and ease of manufacture.

Fan burner

This equipment operates on a completely different principle. Here, forced injection of air masses is used, and the mixture ratio is calculated more accurately, which ensures fuel combustion much more efficiently. Typically, a gas burner for heating a house of this type is mounted in boilers that have the ability to carry out pressurization.

As mentioned above, in atmospheric types of burners, mixing of air and natural gas is carried out at the very beginning of the device, in other words, at the inlet; in fan burners, this process occurs at the exit of the combustion chamber. This is an essential distinguishing feature. It should be noted that you can buy a gas burner for a boiler of this type at any heating equipment store. Such burners are mainly installed in boilers equipped with automation.

Typically, a fan burner is a whole unit, including:

Burner maintenance

Experts say that regardless of the type of gas burner, it must be cleaned at regular intervals. The best option is to wash and dry the burner. However, to do this, it will have to be removed, which will ensure greater cleaning efficiency.

It should be noted that today the price of gas burners for heating boilers varies depending on the type of unit.

Some people vent the burners, but here you need to take into account the fact that the device is designed to operate on gas under a pressure of no more than 0.15 bar at the outlet. And if you purge using a compressor that pumps air up to 6-10 bar, you can render the burner unusable.

Also, regardless of the type of burner used in the boiler, it is necessary to correctly set its settings. This is what affects the quality of the resulting mixture of gas and air, the exact proportions, and, accordingly, the efficiency of fuel combustion.

At the end of the article, it should be noted that when choosing a heating boiler for a country or private property, the owner needs to pay attention not only to the functionality and power of the equipment, but also to be careful when choosing the type of gas burner. Today, prices for gas burners of Roko boilers, which are very popular, are very attractive.
The main thing to remember is that the type of burner determines the excess consumption and saving of fuel, a decrease or increase in the operating life of heating equipment, as well as the temperature regime of the room.

Today, more and more home owners, when choosing a heating system for their own home, prefer solutions based on a boiler. We are talking about gas boilers, although some people prefer electricity or wood. And the gas option is popular due to the fact that this type of fuel is one of the most affordable. And its consumption will be significantly lower than that of similar options. But the effectiveness of the described device will largely depend on the good performance of such an element as the burner.

Design and principle of operation

In order to completely burn the gas and obtain the maximum amount of heat from it, it should be mixed with an air mass that has a certain content of oxygen, which is an oxidizing agent. The ideal mixture should burn in the final stage with an almost colorless fire with a hint of blue and a maximum temperature. The gas burner will be responsible for this entire process. If we talk about its structure, then it cannot be called complex.

Any burner consists of the following elements:

• nozzles;
• ignition mechanism;
• a sensor that monitors the presence of flame;
• automatic system that monitors temperature indicators.

It should be noted that modern designs must meet certain requirements:

• long period of use;
• silent operation;
• complete burnout of gas.

In older models of boilers, burners were used for a long time, since at that time quite high demands were placed on the quality of materials and the elements themselves. Now many technologies and materials are not used, and the quality of burners has dropped somewhat. Experts recommend buying products that are manufactured by well-known companies that use high-quality spare parts.

If we talk about silent operation, then this is a really important point. Many people remember Soviet-made instantaneous water heaters, where the flame noise was great. And the models produced now are quite quiet.

When selecting a boiler, you need to pay attention to ignition. It should be carried out without popping or other noise. This is a very important point, because there is no way to regulate it. Therefore, if the burner behaves this way, you should not buy it. The design of the combustion chamber will also affect the noise level.

The third point that needs to be mentioned is complete gas combustion. This is also important and should not be neglected, because the burner must burn gas in full with the least release of combustion products and other compounds, including carbon monoxide. Other parts of gas boiler equipment will also influence this point. It is also necessary to arrange good gas removal using a chimney with excellent draft.

The operation of the burners is simple - fuel enters through the ejector. The fuel supply rate will be very high and for this reason low pressure is formed, which allows air to be mixed with gas. The resulting mixture goes through the tubes to the holes, thanks to which it ends up in a special firebox, where it is ignited using electric ignition.

Varieties

Now let's talk about burner categories. It is better to use the model specified by the manufacturer in the regulatory documentation. The heat exchanger, like the boiler design, is usually created with the installation of a specific burner device in mind.

If we take into account the purpose, then there are two categories of burners.

• For high power industrial boilers. In this category, injection fan burners are usually installed. Their productivity will range from 120 to 250 kW.
• Household options. In this case, the power will not be more than 120 kW. This includes an atmospheric boiler burner. Its disadvantages will be high fuel consumption and serious installation requirements.

If we talk about the type of fuel, as a classification criterion, there are two types of burners:

• operating on liquefied gas;
• on a natural analogue.

The difference between burner types will be in gas operating pressure and nozzle sizes. In household designs from European brands, universal options are usually installed that can work with both types of gas.

There are also injection diffusion and other solutions with preliminary partial or 100% mixing. But such options are used only in industrial models. It should be noted here that the type of burner will influence the design features of the heat exchanger, combustion chamber, gas outlet option, and exhaust system.

By type of burner regulation there are:

• 1-stage;
• 2-stage;
• 2-stage with gas modulation;
• modulated.

It depends on the control type whether an open or closed burner will be used. The category of the device will affect the standards that will apply to the installation and operation of such a boiler.

Now let's talk in more detail about each of the categories. One-step solutions are the most common option. Their operating principle is that they turn on and off. The frequency of changing operating modes will depend on how quickly the coolant cools, as well as on the operating mode.

The features of such burners are:

• work regardless of the availability of electricity;
• high gas consumption;
• excellent reliability;
• presence of an ignition mechanism.

If we talk about two-stage burners, they are suitable for boilers where there is precise control of gas flows. From the name you can understand that such a device can operate in two modes. Usually we are talking about 30 percent and 100 percent power.

The features of this solution will be:

• constant burning;
• heating of the coolant by one hundred percent;
• models with automatic control control the transition from one mode to another.

The last type is modulating burners. They are considered the most economical. Changing the burner power is usually carried out in automatic mode.

Features of the modulating burner are:

• presence of automatic control;
• versatility;
• high efficiency.

Selection of burners for different types and models of boilers

When choosing a burner, you should pay attention to its various characteristics - the fuel supply model, the option of mixing gas with air, compatibility with various categories of devices. We will tell you about the most interesting models.

• KChM burner. It is used in boiler units converted from conventional fuel to LNG or conventional gas. It usually has automation and has three nozzles. It is used in boiler units of the “Contour” model or similar options.

• Burner "Hearth". It is a pneumomechanical type device with an automatic operating mode. It turns off on its own if:
  1. the fire went out;
  2. gas supply stopped;
  3. there is no necessary traction.

This model has a gas pressure controller. This makes it possible to achieve equal burning of the fire, even if any malfunction occurs in the mechanism. Such solutions are easy to maintain due to the fact that soot does not accumulate in the convective part.

• Another burner that I would like to talk about is the model "Kupper". This option is universal and is suitable for combined boilers, solid fuel designs from Kiturami or Russian-made models of the Conord brand. The advantage of this burner will also be the ability to install it without plumbing or welding.
• Another quite popular solution is burner for DKVR. This block device is used where there is forced air supply. This solution is used for steam boilers for industrial use and having the appropriate power. Their efficiency is about 94-95 percent. A similar design works either in a diffusion or in an inflatable version. To increase its efficiency, powerful Italian fans are often used.

• Another category - burners for KVS. They are used for domestic needs and are solid fuel. Considering that there is no need to use overly powerful equipment to heat rooms, atmospheric or injection solutions are used. When selecting a burner element, you should pay attention to power and safety in use.

How to do it yourself?

Let's consider an example of manufacturing a gas burner for a boiler unit operating on solid fuel. It is better to use a valve from an oxygen cylinder made according to the standard, VK-74.

To create a burner you must complete the following steps.

• The outlet pipe should be equipped with a fitting, which will be connected to the reactor using a hose.
• We mount a cap on the inlet pipe part connected to the cylinder, where there is a small hole for connecting to the nozzle. It can be found on the stove or in a blowtorch.
• Now a steel pipe with a length of one hundred millimeters and a wall thickness of two millimeters is welded to the cap.
• There should be a distance of one and a half centimeters between the nozzle and the cap, through which access to oxygen will be provided. For this reason, you first need to attach 3 small pieces of wire to the cap, and then the pipe itself.