Test technology of painting works. Tickets for testing the knowledge of painters and plasterers

Testing knowledge on MDK 03.01 “Technology painting works»

1. To apply putty use:

a) brush b) roller c) trowel d) spatula

2. What is the primer used for?

A)Forsurface leveling b)Forsmoothing the surface

V)Forsurface painting d)Forsurface wetting

3. L.K.P according to optical properties are divided into:

a) transparent and opaque b) transparent and shiny

c) opaque and rough d) rough and shiny

4. Lubricating pastes are used for sealing:

a) seams, joints, joints b) small potholes, cracks, irregularities

c) large potholes and seams d) roughness

5 Putties are:

a) thick and viscous mixtures consisting of pigment and fillers in a binder

b) thick and viscous mixtures consisting of aggregates and binders

c) viscous mixtures consisting of pigment and filler in varnish

6. Removers are used for:

a) washing away dirt from the surface b) washing tools and equipment

c) removing drips d) removing hardened paint film

7 . According to the degree of gloss L.K.P. divided:

A)onsmooth and transparent b) to rough and shiny

c) shiny and matte d) glossy and shiny

8. According to the nature of the surface of L.K.P. divided:

a) opaque and beautiful b) smooth and rough;

c) black and colored d) matte and transparent

9. The surfaces are manually primed under water stains:

a) with a panel brush or flute b) with a fly brush or fly brush

c) electric spray gun or roller

d) roller, brush, fly brush

10. What movements are used to apply the primer to the walls with a brush?

a) parallel movements b) two mutually perpendicular movements

c) three vertical d) smooth movements

11. Apply the primer to the ceilings using the following movements:

a) parallel to the light, then perpendicular

b) straight, then wavy

c) perpendicular and then parallel to the light

d) doesn't matter

12. Small cracks before applying putty:

a) wash and polish b) clear and cut with a spatula c) do not notice

13. Dried first layer of putty:

a) wash and then apply a second one b) sand and then wet

c) prime and then apply a second one

14. Which putty surface is sanded with pumice or sandpaper?

a) wet b) dried c) wet d) doesn’t matter

15. The surface is primed two to three times:

a) for simple and improved painting

b) under improved and high quality painting

c) for synthetic and oil paint

d) for high-quality and any color

16. You cannot paint surfaces with water-based paints over old adhesive paints because...

a) there will be a thick coating b) the new paint will pull off the old paint and fall off

c) the new one will not cover the old one

a) did not drain b) was absorbed better c) evaporated faster

d) dried faster

18. The putty is applied to the surface in an even layer of thickness:

a) 1mm b) 2mm c) 0.1mm d) 0.7mm

19. From which surfaces can old paints be removed with fire?

a) from any surfaces b) from wooden surfaces

c) from fireproof surfaces

20. Using a solution of phosphoric acid on metal surfaces you can:

a) damage b) clean c) paint d) nothing can be done

1. To apply the aqueous paint composition, use:

a) a grinderb) spray gun c) spray gun

2. To apply putty use:

a) brushb) roller c) spatula

3. Fluting is:

a) surface wettingb) surface smoothing

c) surface rubbing

4. Trimming is:

a) obtaining a rough, shiny surface

b) applying one or more narrow stripes

c) applying various designs of a different color to the dried surfaceA

5. Non-aqueous paint compositions include:

a) calcareousb) casein c) oil

6. Water-based painting compositions include:

a) caseinb) enamel c) oil

7. The spray gun is designed for:

a) preparation of the oil compositionb) application painting composition

c) smoothing the paint composition

8. The primer is intended for:

a) leveling the surfaceb) smoothing the surface

c) surface painting

9. Cement composition used for painting:

a) wooden surfacesb) metal surfaces

c) external surfaces

10. Auxiliary materials- This:

A) Portland cement, starch, drying oil

b) removers, waxes, solvents, thinners c) chalk, lime, clay

11.Binders are necessary for:

a) adhesion of pigment and filler particles to each other and to the surface being painted

b) adhesion of the painted surface to the filler

c) adhesion of aggregate and filler

12. To paint the facade use:

a) cement and perchlorovinyl (PVC) compositions

b) lime-cement and adhesive compositions

c) lime and chalk compositions

13. Bottom part wall surfaces (panels) are painted:

a) adhesive and water-based paints

b) enamels, oil and water-based paints

c) water-based paints

14. Brushes are used to pull out the panels:

a) maklovitsab) flywheel c) paneled

15. Trimming is performed:

a) rollerb) with a brush c) with a trimmer

16. Pasting walls with wallpaper or films is carried out by:

a) tightly and overlappedb) overlap and butt c) butt and butt

17. Tool for wallpapering:

a) roller, brush, broom, bucket, scoop

b) brush, brush, roller, knife, spatula

c) ladle, knife, brush, roller, trowel

18. Color of surface not painted aqueous compounds, after drying it becomes:

a) lighterb) darker c) richer

19. When painting the ceiling it is important correct distance between the nozzle and the surface, and it should be at normal pressure:

a) 700-800 mm. = 70-80 cm

b) 200-300 mm. = 20-30 cm

c) 500-600 mm. = 50-60 cm

20. Paint and varnish coatings according to optical properties are divided into:

a) transparent and opaqueb) transparent and shiny

c) opaque and rough

The main questions that students may have when painting work is being carried out are: how to determine the surface area to be painted, the labor intensity and timing of the work, the amount of earnings, as well as constructing a work schedule for a certain amount of work.

To do this, at the first stage we will consider how to calculate the amount of work and the amount of earnings.

The industry is currently producing a large number of various types of paints and regulatory documents It is not always possible to determine the consumption of one or another new paint. Therefore, when working with paints, you must carefully read the instructions on the paint container.

For example, if it is written that for coloring flat surface with an area of 15 -17 m2, in one layer, 1 kg of paint is enough, this means that to paint 1 m2 you need 1000:15 = 66.7 or 67 grams of paint per 1.0 m2.

6.2.1 EXAMPLE: How much paint is needed to paint the floor in two layers in a room measuring 3x4 m? Paint consumption is 0.07 kg per m2.

SOLUTION: Determine the floor area: S = 3×4 = 12 m 2. Next, we determine the amount of paint to paint the entire floor, first in one layer, and then in two layers: 0.07 × 12 = 0.84 kg and 0.84 × 2 = 1.68 kg.

6.2.2 EXAMPLE: How much paint is needed to paint 1.2 m high panels and the ceiling in two layers in a corridor? Improved coloring. Determine the complexity and timing of the work. The room has three doors measuring 1x2 m. The width of the room is 2.5 m and the length is 4.0 m. Paint consumption is 0.07 kg/m2.

SOLUTION: Figure 6.21 provides a sketch of the room to determine the main areas to be painted.

Figure 6.21 – Room for determining paint areas

To determine the perimeter of the surface to be painted (P o.p.), it is necessary to subtract the width of the doors from the perimeter of the room (since doors are not painted): P o.p. = Р к –3.0 = (2.5+4.0)×2.0 – 3.0 = 10.0 m. Since the panels to be painted are 1.2 m in height, their area will be: S n = 1.2×10.0 = 12.0 m2. Paint consumption will be: R k.p. = 0.07×12.0 = 0.84 kg. Considering that the number of layers is two, we obtain the total paint consumption (P k.o.) R k.o = 0.84 × 2.0 = 1.68 kg.R

Calculation problems for painting the ceiling are solved in a similar way. water-based paint. We calculate the ceiling area S sweat. = 4.0 × 2.5 = 10.0 m 2. Paint consumption for the ceiling in two layers P k.pot. = 10.0×0.07×2.0 = 1.4 kg. Total consumption paint will be ∑ R k.o = 1.68 + 1.4 = 3.08 kg.

The complexity of painting walls and ceilings is determined according to ENiR. (ENiR - work: painting indoor surfaces). We take into account only roller painting, without taking into account other works.

The time standard for walls will be per 100 m 2 - 5.5 people × hour (first) and 4.3 people × hour (second).

The time standard for the ceiling will be per 100 m 2 - 6.7 people × hour (first) and 5.2 people × hour (second). Worker 4 rubles – 1 person. Then the labor intensity of painting panels with an area of 12.0 m 2 will be (5.5 + 4.3): 100 × 12.0 = 1.176 people × hour.

Then the labor intensity of painting a ceiling with an area of 10.0 m2 will be (6.7 +5.2): 100 × 10.0 = 1.19 people × hour.

The total labor intensity will be equal to: 1.176 + 1.19 = 2.366 people × hour or 2.366: 8 = 0.3 shifts when working with one finisher.

Solve the previous problem by changing its conditions according to the options given in Table 6.4. In this case, the painting process must include: cleaning and dust removal, first complete filling, sanding, priming and painting. The type of painting - simple, improved or high quality - is chosen depending on the type of object.

Table 6.4 - Data for determining the volume of work and labor intensity

6.2.3 EXAMPLE: How much wallpaper will be needed to cover the walls of a room (Figure 6.22) of this size: a=3.0 m; h=5.0 m; h=2.5 m, in which there is one door measuring 1.0×2.0 m, and three windows measuring 1.5×2.0 m? Determine the labor intensity of wallpapering and the deadlines for completing the work? The size of wallpaper of one roll is 0.6 × 10 m. It is necessary to take into account that wallpaper can be glued end-to-end, or overlapping. In the first case, the edges are cut off.

Figure 6.21 – Room for determining wallpapering

SOLUTION: Let's find total area walls: S side. = (a + b)×2×h = (3+ 5)×2×2.5 = 40.0m 2 ; S windows = 1.5 × 2.0 = 3.0 m 2 and S doors. = 1.0×2.0 = 2m2;

Let's find the area of the surface to be pasted: S approx. = S side. – (3.0 – S windows + S doors) = 40.0 – (3×3+2) = 29.0 m 2. S roll = 0.6×10 = 6.0m2;

We'll find required amount rolls: N= S approx. : S roll =29:6=4.8 or 5 rolls.

Labor intensity of wall pasting simple wallpaper determined by ENiR. (ENiR - work: gluing on monolithic plaster - applying adhesive composition to the surfaces of walls and applying adhesive composition to wallpaper, and gluing walls).

The standard time for applying the adhesive composition on the surface of the walls per 100 m 2 is 1.4 people × hour. 3rd grade worker - 1 person.

The time limit for applying adhesive to wallpaper and gluing walls per 100 m 2 is 4.4 people × hour. 3rd grade worker - 1 person.

The total labor intensity will be equal to: 1.4 + 4.4 = 5.8 people × hour per 100 m 2. We determine the labor intensity for the calculated volume: (5.8:100) ×29 = 1.68 people × hour or 1.68:8 = 0.21 shifts when performing work by one worker of the 3rd category.

Solve the previous problem by changing its conditions according to the options given in Table 6.5. At the same time, the process of gluing walls must include: cleaning and dust removal, continuous puttying, sanding, applying adhesive to the surface of the walls, applying adhesive to wallpaper and gluing the walls. The type of wallpaper - plain or thick paper, films or linkcrust - is chosen depending on the type of object.

Table 6.5 - Data for determining the volume of wallpaper work

6.2.4 EXAMPLE: It is necessary to tile the walls in the bathroom using polymer cement mastic. The size of the area required for laying tiles is: length 6.56 meters and height 1.6 meters. The size of the tile is 15x15 cm. How much will you earn if you are paid 250 rubles for 1.0 m2? Determine the complexity and timing of the work. The student must be able to find the approximate (without shortage) number of tiles required for cladding walls or floors the right size, therefore it is necessary to correctly calculate the area work surface. The tile has different sizes. Tiles for walls can be 20x30 cm (the most popular size), and for the floor 40x40 cm, then the surface area of one tile is: 0.2x0.3=0.06 m2 and 0.4x0.4=0 .16 m2.

Problems of this type can be solved in two ways. The first method is the simplest, using approximate calculations. The second method is more accurate, using a drawing, but it takes more time.

SOLUTION: First method. Let's find the area of the wall: S p = 1.6 × 6.56 = 10.5 m 2. Area of one tile: Spl = 0.15×0.15 = 0.0225 m2. Let's determine how many tiles will be needed: N= S p: S pl = 10.5: 0.0225 = 467 pieces. It is necessary to take into account the defect rate.

Let's calculate earnings: ∑ = S p ×250 = 10.5 × 250 = 2625 rubles or 2625 × 5.5 = 14438 tenge.

The labor intensity of tiling a wall with polymer-cement mastic 0.15×0.15 per 1.0 m 2 is determined according to ENiR. (ENiR - the composition of the work consists of seven points). The time standard is 1.1 people × hour. 4th grade worker - 1 and 3rd grade - 1 person. The total labor intensity will be 1.1 × 10.5 = 11.55 people × hour or 11.55:8 = 1.5 shifts. Thus, in 1.5 days, two workers will finish tiling the wall with polymer-cement mastic.

Solve the previous problem by changing its conditions according to the options given in Table 6.6. At the same time, the cladding process must include all types of work in accordance with Unified Energy Regulations.

Table 6.6 - Data for determining the volume of wallpaper work

In the next section, it is required to determine the number and composition of an integrated team of workers for interior painting of premises using the flow-dismembered method and to design a comprehensive mechanization of the process.

The walls and ceiling are painted with adhesive paints. Window blocks, frames and door leaves painted with oil paint with partial preparation, since these products are delivered to the construction site already oiled. Improved coloring.

6.2.5 EXAMPLE: It is required to determine the number and composition of an integrated team of workers for interior painting of premises using a flow-dissected method and to design a comprehensive mechanization of the process.

The walls and ceiling are painted with adhesive paints. Window frames and door panels are painted with oil paint with partial preparation, since these products are already delivered to construction site covered with drying oil.

Improved coloring. Volume of work:

Wall painting in m2 – 14640;

Ceilings in m2 - 4320;

Clear window sashes in m2 – 820;

Door leaves per m2 – 660.

When organizing work, it is allowed to plan to exceed standards by up to 25%. The decision was made to provide several brigade compositions with different durations of work.

THE SOLUTION OF THE PROBLEM: Functional separation operations between specialized units and the number of these units are determined from the conditions of the most complete workload of workers, the total duration of work and the availability of workers.

Calculation of the labor intensity of individual processes for painting premises. This calculation is shown in Table 6.7.

Table 6.7 – Calculation of labor intensity of painting processes

1.Adhesive painting.

Here are several options for organizing adhesive painting work.

Option No. 1. Number of links n = 5; number of captures N =14, flow step K = 1 day. The composition of the link for option No. 1 is given in Table 6.8.

The number of grips is determined by the duration of work of unit No. 4 (14 days). It would be inappropriate to accept 15 grips, since in this case link No. 3 would be underloaded.

At general organization finishing works Using the flow-cyclic method, all work is divided into several groups. First, groups of workers producing wet plaster and tiling of surfaces, then preparation of surfaces for painting and painting of ceilings. After this, clean floors are laid in the premises and, finally, final finishing premises.

Taking into account this progressive organization of work, this task provides for a gap of 2 days between painting the ceilings and painting the walls, which is necessary for laying parquet floors in the premises.

The total duration of work will be: T=(n + N – 1)×K+Z = (5+14 – 1)×1+2 = 20 days.

Option No. 2. Number of links n = 4; number of captures N =26, flow step K = 1 day. The composition of the link for option No. 2 is given in Table 6.9.

Table 6.8 – Composition of a link according to adhesive coloring

It is impossible to accept the duration of each process for more than 26 days, since this will increase the underload of link No. 1.

Table 6.9 – Composition of a link according to adhesive coloring

The total duration of work is: T=(4+26-1)×1+2 = 31 days.

Option #3. Number of links n = 3; number of captures N =16, flow step K = 1 day. The composition of the link for option No. 3 is given in Table 6.10.

Table 6.10 – Composition of a link according to adhesive coloring

Duration of work T = (3 +16 – 1)×1+2 = 20 days. The final choice of option is made depending on local conditions.

Comparing option No. 1 and No. 3, preference should be given to option No. 1, where the division of labor is more complete. We accept option No. 1.

2. Oil painting of windows and doors.

We accept 2 units for painting, performing the following types of work: No. 1 – preparing the surface for painting, No. 2 – painting the surface.

The composition of the links is presented in Table 6.11. We calculate based on the duration of work of each link for 14 days, similar to adhesive painting.

Table 6.11 – Composition of the team for oil painting of windows and doors

The painting work schedule is shown in Figure 6.22. Preparation for oil and glue painting is carried out simultaneously using the same grips.

Figure 6.22 – Painting schedule

3.Comprehensive mechanization.

The production of coloring compositions is carried out in a mobile painting station. Used for painting surfaces following mechanisms:

For priming and painting with adhesive paint:

Spray guns – 3 pcs.;

Electric spray gun – 1 pc.;

To paint door panels with oil paints:

Spray guns – 4 pcs.

Solve the previous problem by changing its conditions according to the options given in Table 6.9. The scope of work must be determined by students independently.

Table 6.9 - Types painting works

Note: Take the scope of work as in example 6.3.1 and, depending on the type of work, select units and teams of builders and finishers.

CHAPTER 7 FORMS AND SYSTEMS OF REMUNERATION

Answer: You will definitely need a stepladder, a sieve, a bucket, round brushes, floats for grouting and sanding, a spatula, and a wire brush.

Answer: Yes. But only on dried plaster, when the entire surface becomes uniformly light, without damp spots.

Answer: Plank floors, window sashes, door panels, platbands, etc. must be tightly fitted at the joints and smoothly planed. The simplest defects on them can be eliminated by cleaning them with sandpaper. The heads of nails and screws are recessed into the wood by 2-3 mm and puttyed. Metal objects Before painting, it should be thoroughly cleaned of rust until it shines.

Answer: This is the cheapest type of coverage. To paint ceilings, you can use the following composition: dissolve 25 g of wood glue and 3 kg of ground sifted chalk in 5 liters of heated water. Then slightly turn it blue with linen blue diluted in water. The consumption of the composition is 0.15 l per 1 m.

Answer: The list of works is as follows: smoothing the surface, sealing cracks and other necessary preparatory work, first priming, partial puttying (greasing) of defective areas of the plaster, sanding the putty with sandpaper after it has hardened and dried, second priming and tinting at a time after the second has dried primers.

Answer: Before painting with adhesives, the surface must be treated with a water-based primer. After the soil has dried, the unevenness is smoothed out with putty. Then it is dried and the surface is polished.

Answer: Putty is applied to plaster using rubber or wooden spatulas (adhesive putty) and metal spatulas (for oil or varnish putty). Liquid putty can be applied with a sweeping or short brush, smoothing it in two opposite directions. Unevenness is smoothed out with a spatula.

Answer: Most often with swing brushes. To avoid gaps and other defects, first apply paint with a brush in one direction, and then “brush” the layer of paint in a direction perpendicular to the first. The last layer of paint on the walls is done in a direction perpendicular to the floor, and on the ceilings - in the direction of the window.

Answer: In the first year of operation, plank floors are primed with hot drying oil. IN next year re-oiling is carried out. Then carry out continuous oil putty and painting in 2 times.

Answer: For finishing kitchens, you should choose semi-gloss and glossy compositions, since such materials form a smooth surface that does not absorb dirt and are therefore easy to clean: just wipe the wall with a damp cloth or simply brush off the dust. However, there are also disadvantages: the more gloss the coating has, the more it emphasizes the unevenness of the base. Matte paint successfully hides all defects. But it becomes matte due to the addition of silicon oxide to its composition, which gives the painted wall a roughness that is not visible to the naked eye. And any roughness, as is known, is capable of accumulating dust and dirt.

Answer: You can use an electric drill if you make a special attachment for it. A threaded rod with a wing nut is inserted into the electric drill chuck, or a spiral is bent from wire.
This mixer will allow you to mix the paint more efficiently and quickly. To prevent paint from splashing, a cardboard circle is placed on the rod.

Answer: B tin can several slits are made, and an excellent device for quick cleaning tool.

Answer: In a cool place in a tightly sealed container.

Answer: Treatment is carried out with vitriol primer (grass). It is necessary to treat the contaminated area 3-4 times. If the stain cannot be removed with a primer, it is painted over.

Question: What tools are needed for painting work?
Question: Is it possible to paint plastered surfaces?
Question: How to paint carpentry correctly?
Question: What is adhesive paint?
Question: What is the surface preparation technology for oil painting on plaster?
Question: How to prepare the surface for finishing with adhesives?
Question: How is putty done on plaster?
Question: How is lime painting done?
Question: How to carry out painting work on plank floors?
Question: What paint is better to paint the walls in the kitchen?
Question: What is the most convenient way to stir thickened paint?
Question: How can I quickly clean a spatula from constantly sticking putty?
Question: Where are paint materials stored?
Question: How to remove rust stains from a wall or ceiling?

1. Type of paint sprayers and their design.

(There are 4 types of paint sprayers, differing in paint supply: with an upper paint filling tank (cup), with a lower paint filling tank, with a central supply of paint under pressure from the paint injection tank, universal (can be converted to any type of paint supply). Paint sprayers, in addition , equipped with replaceable spray heads).

2. Requirements for the surface before starting painting work.

(The humidity of plastered surfaces is allowed to be no more than 8%. There should be no dents, cracks, or cracks on the plastered surfaces at the junctions with platbands, window sills and baseboards. The humidity of joinery products is allowed to be no more than 12%. They must be well fitted and cleaned of dust. Floors must be well joined, the boards are nailed and not sagging.)

3. Wallpaper and its varieties. Determining the quality of wallpaper by appearance.

(Ordinary paper and moisture-resistant, embossed (linkrust), except paper wallpaper Synthetic films are also used. Wallpaper and films must be uniform in color, without stains, scratches, tears or folds. The paint layer must be resistant to abrasion and not crumble on the bends of wallpaper and films. Fuzzy and uneven edges of drawings and displacement of colors are not allowed on the panels.)

4. Possible defects when painting surfaces with aqueous compositions and methods for their elimination.

(The surface is chalking. Spots on the painted surface. The paint film is crumbling. The paint film is peeling off. The paint is crumbling along with the base.)

5. Mechanisms used to clean surfaces.

(To clean surfaces, use: sandblasting, shot blasting, hydro-sandblasting, power tools and steel brushes).

6. Possible defects when painting with non-aqueous compositions, methods for their elimination.

(Spots are dark and rusty. Spots of different colors and do not dry out. Paint swelling and bubbles. Peeling of the top layer when painting over a previously painted surface. A network of cracks along the painted surface.)

7. Apparatuses and mechanisms used for preparing oil compositions.

(Paint grinder. Mixer for oil paint compositions SO-137, SO-140, SO-11, vibrating sieve for straining oil compositions)

8. Determination of the composition and scope of work.

(The scope of work depends on the design assignment, the type of surface, painting work, its quality and the materials used. The volume, surface to be painted is determined depending on the type of structure: in square meters.

9. Aquatic variety painting materials. Their composition.

(Painting lime composition (lime paste mixture 50%, PVA dispersion 50%, pigments, water), lime-gypsum putty (lime paste 50%, gypsum, water), gypsum-chalk lining paste (gypsum, ground chalk, aqueous glue solution 2%), color composition from cement paint, silicate paint(ground chalk, fillers, pigment, potassium liquid glass), adhesive paint (ground chalk, animal glue or CMC glue, pigments, water.), etc.

10. Preparing wooden surfaces for painting.

(Defects in wooden surfaces (tars, burrs, protruding dowels, rough surfaces) are removed or cleaned, sanded, knots and tarred areas are cut out, the surface is varnished, putty is applied, sanded, then cleaned of dust and primed, etc.)

11. A variety of oil-based painting materials. Their composition.

(Ready-to-use oil paints are produced for exterior and interior works: zinc white, lithopone white, colored oil paints, red lead, ocher. Oil formulations include thick oil paint, drying oil, turpentine (white spirit). For quick drying, use a drier.)

12. Preparation of metal surfaces for painting.

(The metal surface is cleaned of dirt, solution splashes and rust using sandblasting machines or scrapers and brushes. Chemical method cleaning consists of processing metal surface solutions of sulfuric, hydrochloric and other acids. Immediately after cleaning, the surface is primed with a primer based on natural drying oil.)

13. Solvents, thinners and other auxiliary materials.

(For the formation of coloring compositions, drying oils are used (natural, semi-natural, artificial, not containing oils - glyphthalic, siptolic, slate drying oils. Solvents include turpentine, white spirit (gasoline solvent), solvents 645,646 for diluting nitro enamels, nitro varnishes, solvent 648 is intended to smooth out scratches on a nitro-varnish surface, acetone. In addition, removers are used in the work. old paint: SD wash, AFT-1, SP-7 solution.)

14. Preparation of concrete and plastered surfaces for painting.

(The surface to be painted must be dry, for which it is dried, the surface is cleaned and smoothed, cracks are repaired, then dust is swept from the surface or removed with a vacuum cleaner, primed, putty, sanded, etc.)

15. Paintwork protective coatings. Types and scope.

(Coatings are divided into External and Internal. Depending on the quality of work, they are divided into simple, improved, high-quality. Depending on the main components, they are divided into colorful, varnish, non-waterproof, water-resistant. Water-based paints - adhesive, decorative, casein, silicate, lime , mineral facade, cement. Volatile polymer paints - emulsion, water-based, latex, polymer-cement, styrene-butadiene, acrylate, glyphthalic paints. Enamel paints (ready-to-use) bitumen, oil-bitumen, coal, alcohol, nitro varnishes, furniture.)

16. Improved painting of external surfaces with various compositions. Scope of work.

(Painting of facades is not allowed when dry, hot weather under direct influence sun rays, during rain or on a damp facade, in winter on ice, in strong winds. For painting, use only special painting compounds suitable for painting facades. The surface must be prepared before painting. The surface must be dry, smooth, without depressions, bulges, cavities and cracks. Existing cracks are opened, uneven areas are smoothed, the surface is puttied, and sanded. Then apply a primer and paint in two layers.)

17. Putties. Types, composition.

(Used to level the surface before painting. Putty is prepared from a mixture binder material, filler and solvent. Adhesive putty is a homogeneous mixture consisting of animal glue, drying oil, turpentine, laundry soap, chalk or a mixture of casein white paint, chalk, drying oil and water. Oil putty is a mixture of drying oil, animal tile adhesive, laundry soap, drier or turpentine, chalk, water. Oil-emulsion putty is a mixture of natural drying oil, drier, solvent, animal glue and chalk. Etc.)

18. Requirements for materials used when painting external surfaces.

(Facade painting compositions must have weather resistance (resistance to sunlight, heat, changes in air temperature, exposure to precipitation), alkali resistance, elasticity, vapor permeability, hiding power).

19. Methods and rules for preparing aqueous paint compositions. Dosage of materials and sequence of operations.

(In the mixer, the pigment is mixed with a small amount water, then add water until a homogeneous mixture is obtained, which is ground using a paint grinder. Lime dough is also ground using a paint grinder. Then these components are loaded into the mixer and, depending on the type of paint, PVA dispersion, a water repellent and the composition are mixed for less than 1 hour. For adhesive paint, the glue is pre-soaked in water, then dissolved in hot water up to 10% solution. When heated and stirred, soap and drying oil are added to the solution. A solution of alum or vitriol is introduced into the slightly cooled solution. Add water and mix thoroughly. Then add chalk ready-made composition passed through a vibrating sieve.)

20. Glue: animal, vegetable, mineral. Determining the quality of glue by appearance, color, smell.

(Casein glue is a mixture of casein, slaked lime, mineral salts and kerosene. Bone glue is produced from defatted and polished animal bones by boiling until complete disintegration and the formation of a liquid adhesive mass. Bone glue is produced in hard tiles, coarsely crushed, finely crushed, granulated. Hide glue . Fish glue, vegetable glue (starch, flour), synthetic glues, bustylate, acid dextrin, etc. Animal and vegetable glue should not be used. unpleasant odor, foreign inclusions, mold, must be uniform in consistency and color.

21. Quality check when accepting painting work.

(The surface must be uniform, the lower layers must not be visible, there must be no foreign stains, cracks, splashes on the surface, the panels must be of the same thickness, curvatures, changes in tone must not be allowed, brush marks must not be visible, etc.)

22. Hand tools and equipment for painting work.

(Brushes various types, trimmers, brushes, paint rollers, trays for rollers and brushes, roller mesh, spatulas, scrapers, sanding cloths, etc.)

(Spraying, trimming, blunting, knurling, etc.). (Spraying is done on the painted surface, using brushes and brushes for these purposes. The size of the drops depends on the thickness of the paint. Paint is applied to the wall by hitting the brush on a block or using a paint sprayer while reducing the air supply, trimming is used for oil and adhesive paints so that the surface becomes matte, lacking shine and rough. The painted surface is trimmed with trim brushes immediately after applying the paint layer. The application of the paint composition using a rubber sponge is carried out on a painted and completely dry surface. Rolling is done using a microporous rubber roller on a painted and completely dry surface. Stencil finishing. Sand powder finishing, Silk finishing. Airbrush.)

24. Preparatory work when wallpapering walls.

(The surface of the walls is treated with a steel spatula, smoothed with pumice, and treated with sandpaper. The plaster is removed from the top of the wall. Then the surface is covered with waste paper.)

25. Sequence of work when pulling out panels.

(Beating the application line with bleached twine, pulling out the panels, finishing and adjusting it. The panel is applied with a panel brush using a regular or slotted ruler.)

26. Sequence of work when painting panels and friezes.

(In kitchens, bathrooms, restrooms, and in public buildings, part of the wall 1.6-1.8 m high is painted with oil and enamel compositions. Upper part The walls are painted with water-based compounds and are called tapestry. Sometimes it remains between the tapestry and the ceiling narrow strip– frieze, The border of the panel is marked parallel to the ceiling using a cord rubbed with chalk.)

27. What is the importance of color in paint coatings? What is color contrast?

(When preparing different shades of a paint composition, a color wheel is used. In the color wheel, between the primary colors there are intermediate colors, which can be obtained by mixing various colors. When preparing colors, you need to know that pigments deviate in purity of tone from spectral tones. Only a pure, saturated color can produce a sufficiently pure tone when mixed. Colors located nearby influence each other and are perceived by the eye depending on the color environment. Light tone when next to in a light tone seems even brighter. Dark tone, being next to a light tone, it seems even darker, etc.

28. Techniques for applying painting compounds.

(Painting compositions can be applied to the surface mechanically and manually. Mechanized: using spray guns, paint sprayers. Manually: with brushes, rollers, etc.)

Test tasks
PM03 "Technology for performing painting work"
Option 1

Task 1-5
Is the statement true? (Answer form “Yes” or “No”)
1. Putty is designed to level the surface.
2. Driers are used to add shine to the paint composition.
3. The air temperature when painting must be at least 5
4.Casein dye refers to non-aqueous formulations
5.Under oil paint, you can prime the surface with drying oil
Task 6-10
Find the correct answer (Answer form “Number”)
6. Gives color to paint
1 – binder
2 – filler
3 – pigment
7. Ability paint coatings to strong adhesion to
The basis
1 – hiding power
2 – adhesion
3 – light fastness
8.Aqueous compositions include
1 – enamel
2 – silicate paint
3 – bitumen varnish
9. Oil paint can be diluted
1 – water
2 – acetone
3 – turpentine
10. For enamels, the binder is
1 – varnish
2 – drying oil
3 – glue
Task 11-15
Establish a correspondence (Answer form “Number - letter”)
11.
Paint composition
Paint composition group

1. Enamel
A. Synthetic composition

2. Lime paint
B. Non-aqueous composition

3. Varnish
B. Water composition

4. Water-based paint

12. Defects in the wallpapered surface
1. Peeling wallpaper
A. Overlapping pasted against the light

2. Bubbles and wrinkles
B. The work was done without a plumb line

3. The canvas is inclined
B. Too quick drying wallpaper in a draft

4. The threads of the seams are noticeable
D. The wallpaper is not sufficiently cured after being applied with glue.

13. Tools for painting work
1. Spatula
A. When wallpapering

2. Curly brush
B. For painting in corners

3. Corner roller
B. To level surfaces

4. Cutter
D. For painting heating radiators

14.Painting compounds
1. Bitumen varnish
A. To level surfaces

2. Primer
B. For painting metal surfaces

3. Putty
B. To increase adhesion

4. Paste
D. For wallpapering

15.Basics of color science
Color
Impact on humans

1. Red
A. Heavy

2. White
B. calming

3. green
B. Exciting

4. Black
G. Kholodny

Task 16-20
Insert the missing keywords (Answer form “Number - Word”)
16. Work 1 – surface coating 2 with composition
17. Binders – film-forming substances required 1 or liquefied to it 2.
18. Adaptation - changing 1 eye, adapting it to different degrees of 2 light sources
19. 1 compositions are compositions prepared on 2 glasses, forming durable film with a matte shine.
20. Wallpaper is roll material for 1, fabric or synthetic base, front side, which can be smooth or embossed, 2 or another color with a single or multi-color pattern.

Task 21. What is the name of the instrument? (Answer form “Number – name”)

[Download the file to see the picture]1. [Download the file to see the picture]2.

[Download the file to see the picture]3. [Download the file to see the picture] 4

Task 23. Establish the correct technological sequence.
(Answer form “Series of numbers”)
Improved coloring with aqueous formulations. 1- Repairing cracks, 2 – cleaning, 3 – smoothing, 4 – partial priming, 5 – first priming, 6 – sanding greased areas, 7 – second priming, 8 – painting,

Task 24 -25
Answer the questions (Answer form - in writing)
24. What types of painting work are there depending on the type of binder?
25. What is adhesion?

Standards of answers to final test tasks

Option 1
Option 2

1
Yes
1
Yes

2
No
2
No

3
No
3
No

4
No
4
No

5
Yes
5
Yes

6
3
6
3

7
2
7
2

8
2
8
2

9
3
9
3

10
1
10
3